Etching behavior of Pb ion from PbO-B2O3-SiO2 glasses in HNO3 solution

Abstract

Quantitative studies on the dissolution of Pb in an acid solution were conducted to understand the etching mechanism in PbO-SiO2-B2O3 glasses. In this study, the etching was done on bulk glasses of a PbO-SiO2-B2O3 system with a HNO3 solution at 40°C, and the surface structure of the glasses and ion dissolution behavior were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectrophotometer, and inductive coupled plasma spectrometry, respectively. The results showed that Pb (1.5-5.5 %) and B (0.8-3 %) ions are the major components etched. Small amounts of Si, Al, Ti, and Zr were detected in the etching solution. The analysis of O1s in the XPS peaks showed that the ratio of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) to bridging oxygen (BO) changed from 1:2.7 to 1:0.6 after leaching with the HNO3 solution. The Si-O-Pb and Si-O-Si bindings on the glass surface appeared to be a silicon-rich region where Si-O binding occurs after etching.

Band gap engineered ternary semiconductor PbxCd1−xS: Nanoparticle‐sensitized solar cells with an efficiency of 8.5% under 1% sun—A combined theoretical and experimental study

“…Figure A shows a typical XPS survey spectra and presence of Pb, Cd, S, Ti, and O elements. The high‐resolution spectrum of lead, shown in Figure B, shows two strong peaks at binding energy of 137.8 eV for Pb 4f 7/2 and 142.7 eV for Pb 4f 5/2 , respectively, confirming presence of the divalent lead Pb 2+ state in the Pb x Cd 1 −x S phase. Figure C shows the binding energy of 404.7 eV for Cd 3d 5/2 and 411.4 eV for Cd 3d 3/2 with an energy difference of 6.7 eV, indicating that cadmium is in +2 oxidation state in the Pb 0.05 Cd 0.95 S sample .…”

Activated Porous Highly Enriched Platinum and Palladium Electrocatalysts from Dealloyed Noncrystalline Alloys for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

“…X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis (Figure 5b) of quasicrystalline PdZr 3 shows that prior to dealloying, XPS spectra are at a binding energy of 335.0 eV (Pd 0 3d 5/2 ) and 332.4 eV (Zr 2+ 3p 3/2 ) but following dealloying, these binding energy shifts to 334.55 eV (Pd 0 3d 5/2 ) and 332.7 eV (Zr 2+ 3p 3/2 ) [28] . These shifts in binding energy are the result of the chemical shifts of the different bonds of Zr and Pd around each other due to Zr dissolution followed by Pd rearrangement during dealloying, which is related to the varying degrees of binding and the coordination numbers around Pd, Zr atoms [29] . The decrease in the binding energy of Pd 0 (3d 5/2 ) suggests that after dealloying, Pd atoms gain partial negative charge in comparison to Pd atoms in PdZr 3 .…”

“…[28] These shifts in binding energy are the result of the chemical shifts of the different bonds of Zr and Pd around each other due to Zr dissolution followed by Pd rearrangement during dealloying, which is related to the varying degrees of binding and the coordination numbers around Pd, Zr atoms. [29] The decrease in the binding energy of Pd 0 (3d 5/2 ) suggests that after dealloying, Pd atoms gain partial negative charge in comparison to Pd atoms in PdZr 3 . In both cases (Pt 3 Zr 5 /PdZr), this decrease in binding energy, i. e., increase of electron density around Pt/ Pd atom after dealloying favors the hydrogen evolution reaction by decreasing adsorption energy of H + on the electrode surface.…”

Microstructure and magnetism of Co-doped PbPdO2 films with different grain sizes

“…Clearly, the valence states of Pb and Pd in the Co-doped PbPdO 2 lms are both near 2+. 17,18 Comparing the binding energies of Pb and Pd in the three lms carefully, small binding energy deviations of about 0.02 eV in the Pb and Pd XPS spectra can be observed. This may be caused by the minute differences in the amount of Pb vacancies in the three lms, or the measurement error due to the XPS spectrometer's energy resolution of 0.45 eV.…”