Estudos <i>in vitro </i> da genotoxicidade e citotoxicidade em células hepáticas da formação de 2-alcilciclobutanonas resultantes da irradiação de alimentos que contenham gordura

Abstract

Food irradiation has already been approved and has been used in several countries for applications and purposes of a wide variety of foods. Its benefits include increased shelf life, improved food hygiene and consequently less deterioration and losses compared to foods that do not undergo into radiation. In addition, food after irradiation is safe in terms of nutrients and pathogen reduction. However, foods that contain medium to high fat levels, induce the formation of a by-product called 2-Alkylcyclobutanones, which we know that part of these ingested compounds are normally excreted through the feces, but part remains deposited in the adipose tissues. Work performed with these compounds previously showed cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on colon cells. Thus, the objective of the present work was to investigate the cytotoxic effects performed in cell viability tests, genotoxic tests in micronucleus and mutagenic tests with Ames technique under in vitro experimental conditions of 2-dDCB and 2-tDCB compounds. Hence, the liver was the chosen organ to evaluate the possible effects of these compounds, since this organ is usually affected by accumulation of fat. Three hepatic cell lines were used: HepG2, BRL3A and HTC. Analysis of the cell viability results revealed that the 2-dDCBs presented a discrete cytotoxic effect at the concentration of 500 μM and the 2-tDCBs presented low damages from 100 μM and larger at 500 μM, showing to be dose dependent. In the mutagenicity results, the compounds did not show any mutagenic effects at the concentrations and doses used, detected by the Ames test. Finally, the micronucleus test corresponded to expectations demonstrating no genotoxic effects in the cell line, doses and times tested. Based on the results achieved, the 2 ACBs can be consumed with relative safety, from the perspective of possible mutagenic and genotoxic effects in the evaluated concentrations.