Estudo das adaptações autonômicas, metabólicas e funcionais decorrentes da utilização do sistema de cargas seletivas durante um macrociclo de treinamento em atletas de basquetebol

Abstract

2015Estudo das adaptações autonômicas, metabólicas e funcionais decorrentes da utilização do modelo de cargas seletivas durante um macrociclo de treinamento em atletas de basquetebol. José Henrique Mazon AGRADECIMENTOS ESPECIAISAo Prof. Dr. Hugo Celso Dutra de Souza pela orientação, oportunidade de aprendizado, confiança, dedicação, atenção e paciência dispensada para a concretização de mais um sonho. A Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP -Processonº 2012/04299-8) pelo suporte financeiro.A todos os colegas de departamento, em especial Ana Paula, Sabrina, Karina, Ana Carolina, Suenimeire, Natanael, por todos os aprendizados e momentos compartilhados.Aos amigos e companheiros de profissão da Associação de Basquetebol de Araraquara, pela credibilidade depositada na realização desta pesquisa.Aos atletas que participaram deste estudo, obrigado pela confiança. " ...nunca desista de seus objetivos mesmo que esses pareçam impossíveis, a próxima tentativa pode ser a vitoriosa." Albert EinsteinTese Palavras chaves: Periodização do treinamento, controle autonômico cardíaco, marcadores de estresse, avaliação funcional. Tese de DoutoradoJosé Henrique Mazon We investigated in basketball athletes, adaptations arising from the use of selective loads periodization system (SLS) on the autonomic modulation of heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), anaerobic threshold (AT), endogenous stress markers and functional performance during macrocycle training. Twenty two male athletes were evaluated in four specific times of the macrocycle (early preparation period, P1, start and end of the competition period second, P2 and P3; end of the competition period third, P4). HRV was investigated in the time domain (RMSSD-square root of the mean of the squared differences of successive adjacent RR intervals) in the frequency domain (spectral analysis by Fourier Fast Transform) and also through symbolic analysis. The BRS was evaluated by method of sequence. Cardiopulmonary exercise and laboratory tests were also performed to determine the anaerobic threshold, plasma levels of catecholamines, cortisol, free testosterone, urea and creatine kinase.Additionally, muscle strength (isokinetic dynamometer) and jump power (force platform)were evaluated to determine the functional capacity of the lower limbs. The results showed that the training system used did not promote changes in autonomic modulation of HRV and BRS. In turn, there were changes in parameters related to the AT, suggesting possible improvement of the aerobic capacity of athletes. With regard to metabolic markers, reductions were observed in the plasma catecholamines and cortisol, which seem to reflect adjustments positive of the workload used during the training macrocycle. Finally, no difference it was observed in muscle strength and jump power of athletes, suggesting that the performance these physical capacities in the present study, it seems related to the structure and specificity of workloads used during the macrocycle and may not refle...