Estudo comparativo entre espécies de agave

Abstract

SINOPSEAgave sisalana e A. fourcroydes, responsáveis pela produção de praticamente 90% das fibras duras consumidas no mundo, foram estudadas comparativamente em relação a A. amaniensis, A. letonae, A. zapupe e A. sisalana f. marginata, de 1965 a 1974, em experimento conduzido na E.E. de Tatui, do Instituto Agronômico.Ao completar nove anos de plantio no campo, a espécie A. fourcroydes ainda se encontrava com todas as plantas em produção, tendo as demais espécies concluído o ciclo vegetativo em períodos que variaram de quatro a oito anos. A. fourcroydes produziu a maior quantidade total de fibras por planta, com 5.044 gramas, enquanto A. sisalana apresentou a maior produção média anual, com 582 gramas de fibras secas por planta.Agave sisalana, tanto em sua forma normal como na variegada, deu, aproximadamente, o mesmo número de folhas que o obtido, até ao presente, para A. fourcroydes; as demais espécies produziram menor número de folhas.

Molecular epidemiology of sisal bole rot disease suggests a potential phytosanitary crisis in Brazilian production areas

“…In Brazil, the main example of this process was the Agave breeding program. From the 1950s-80s, the Agronomic Institute (IAC) was the country's leader in the development of new Agave cultivars (Medina, 1954;Medina, 1956;Medina, 1959;Ciaramello et al, 1975;Azzini and Ciaramello, 1977;Salgado et al, 1979;Raya et al, 2023). However, with the lack of investment and the retirement of the leading researchers, there was no continuity of this program (Raya et al, 2021;Raya et al, 2023).…”

Rescuing the Brazilian Agave breeding program: morphophysiological and molecular characterization of a new germplasm

“…amaniensis is a species of unknown origin that was discovered in an abandoned area of the East Africa Agricultural Research Station in Amani, Tanzania in 1929 (Nowell, 1933;Medina, 1954). Known as Blue Sisal, A. amaniensis became popular locally due to its fast growth and high fiber yield (Medina, 1954;Ciaramello et al, 1975). A. amaniensis was used in breeding by hybridization with A. angustifolia (Salgado et al, 1979) and is the parental line of the most widely cultivated hybrid cultivar in the world, H11648 (Monja-Mio et al, 2019).…”

“…In Brazil, the Agave breeding program was led by the Agronomic Institute (IAC, Campinas) and its main objective was to obtain more productive fiber cultivars (Medina, 1954). To achieve this, the IAC introduced over seven species with fiber production potential in the country, including A. amaniensis, A. cantala, A. letonae, A. zapupe, and A. fourcroydes (Medina, 1954;Medina, 1956;Medina, 1959;Ciaramello et al, 1975). IAC was responsible for hybridization studies using A. angustifolia and A. amaniensis (Salgado et al, 1979;Azzini et al, 1989), generating lines that can be 10 times more productive than the common A. sisalana (Salgado et al, 1979), and, to this date, it remains the only institution that has developed Brazilian Agave varieties.…”

Morphological Characterization of <i>Agave tequilana</i> Weber Variety <i>azul</i> (Asparagaceae) under Cultivation in the Municipality of Llera, Tamaulipas, Mexico

“…Agaves (genus Agave, family Asparagaceae) are a group of plants representative of Mexico that are highly valued both ecologically and economically. The genus was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 (Ciaramello & De Paiva, 1975;García-Mendoza, 2007). They are part of the floristic composition of a wide variety of vegetation types, among which are included conifer forests located in mountain systems above 3500 m altitude and coastal desert scrub characteristic of arid and semiarid areas of the Baja California Peninsula at 0 m above sea level (Solís-Aguilar et al, 2001;Bautista-Justo et al, 2001).…”