Estudo artroscópico da articulação do joelho em cadáveres de cães

Abstract

RESUMOOBJETIVO: avaliar a técnica artroscópica da articulação do joelho em cadáveres de cães quanto as dificuldades técnicas, possibilidade de visibilização das estruturas intra-articulares e complicações. MÉTODOS: utilizaram-se os portais infrapatelar lateral para o artroscópio (2.7 mm) e medial para o instrumental em 48 articulações. RESULTADOS: Todas as estruturas intra-articulares propostas foram passíveis de visibilização. Complicações consistiram de lesões iatrogênicas, obstrução do campo de visão pelo coxim adiposo infrapatelar e infiltração periarticular. CONCLUSÃO: O treinamento em cadáver é de vital importância para a superação das dificuldades inerentes da técnica.Descritores: Artroscopia. Articulação do joelho. Cães. ABSTRACT PURPOSE:The aim of this research was to study the arthroscopic technique of the knee joint on dogs cadavers. METHODS: We used the lateral infrapatellar portal for the arthroscopic and infrapatellar medial portal for the instruments. We analysed the difficulty, the possibility to see the structures into the joint and the complications of the technique. RESULTS:We could see the totality of the proposed structures. The complications were iatrogenic lesions, obstruction of the field of view by the infrapatellar fat pad and pericapsular infiltration. CONCLUSION: The cadaver training is important to overcome the difficulties concerning the technique.Key words: Arthroscopy. Knee joint. Dogs. IntroduçãoA artroscopia no cão foi descrita pela primeira vez por Siemering 1 em 1978, sendo a articulação estudada o joelho. A despeito da evolução da artroscopia no homem 2 e no cavalo,

Estudo artroscópico da articulação do joelho em cães portadores de lesão do ligamento cruzado cranial

“…Four sinovial plicae have been described in the knee joint of the human species and some of them are the result of the incomplete reabsorption of the synovial membrane that splits the joint during the fetal Table 1 -List of the observed changes on the intra articular structures by arthroscopy on the dog's knee joint with clinical cranial cruciate ligament injury Figure 1 -Arthroscopy of the dog's knee where is observed plicae on suprapatellar joint pouch Figure 2 -Arthroscopy of the dog's knee where is observed axial fringe tear in the lateral meniscus Figure 3 -Arthroscopy of the dog's knee where is observed vertical splits in the caudal cruciate ligament development 15 . In previous study in dog's cadavers we could notice them in the suprapatelar area 23 and whereas similarly in man, the sinovial plicae seemed to be a normal structure of the canine knee joint. Due to the fact that when these injured synovial plicae cause pain and lameness in man we remark the importance of a detailed exam of this structures during arthroscoy so as to detect possible changes like thickness or inflamation occuring concomitantly or not with CrCLI.…”

Artroscopia do joelho de ovinos

“…Os ovinos apresentam um grande coxim adiposo infrapatelar que preenche a porção dorsal do espaço articular femorotibial, unindo e obscurecendo o ligamento cruzado cranial (Allen et al 1998). Sendo assim, da mesma forma que em cães, faz-se necessária a remoção da gordura infrapatelar, a fim de criar um espaço maior para visibilizar as estruturas (Ryssen et al 2003, Tatarunas & Matera 2004, Lu et al 2006.…”

Impact of arthroscopy on post‐procedure intra‐articular elbow injections: A cadaveric study

“…38 The average volume capacity of the canine elbow has yet to be established, but a canine cadaveric elbow arthroscopy study by Tatarunas et al using dogs weighing 12-50 kg (median 26.5 kg) described the volume of saline required to distend the joints as 4-10 mL. 8 Standard arthroscopy procedures in human and veterinary medicine recommend distending the joint with saline until positive pressure is achieved to increase intraarticular working space, decrease the risk of iatrogenic damage, and facilitate portal placement. 5,8,41 On radiographic and CT image evaluation, a larger volume of water that could be aspirated before IA injection of contrast resulted in lower extravasation scores.…”

“…8 Standard arthroscopy procedures in human and veterinary medicine recommend distending the joint with saline until positive pressure is achieved to increase intraarticular working space, decrease the risk of iatrogenic damage, and facilitate portal placement. 5,8,41 On radiographic and CT image evaluation, a larger volume of water that could be aspirated before IA injection of contrast resulted in lower extravasation scores. Control elbows had a greater volume of water aspirated than arthroscopy elbows, which suggests that aspiration of fluid prior to IA injection is a valuable step to reduce the amount of extravasation and that it may be more challenging to accomplish in elbows that have undergone arthroscopy.…”