Estudio psicométrico-clínico de prevalencia y comorbilidad del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad en Castilla y León (España)

Abstract

Los autores declaran no presentar conflictos de intereses en relación con la preparación y publicación de este artículo. Rodríguez Molinero L, y cols. Estudio psicométrico-clínico de prevalencia y comorbilidad del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad 252

Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in Spain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

“…Only three of the studies were performed in the general population [2,3,15,23] while in the rest the sample of children and adolescents was obtained from the school population [4,13,14,16-21]. Half of the studies were described through a two-stage design [2-4,15,16,18,20,22]: first, a psychometric screening that evaluated the presence of ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents; and second a clinical confirmation using standardised diagnostic criteria. The specfic characteristics in each study included in the systematic review are given in Table 2.…”

“…The specfic characteristics in each study included in the systematic review are given in Table 2. Most of the studies using diagnostic criteria [2-4,13-16,20-23] applied the DSM-III-R and/or DSM-IV criteria of the American Psychiatric Association. In twelve studies [2-5,13,16,18-21,23] the prevalence of ADHD was calculated with information from at least 2 informers (in nine of them from parents and teachers), while in two studies [14,17] there was a single informer (the teachers) to assess the presence of the disorder.…”

“…The fourteen studies provided the exact number of ADHD cases in the study population and the relevant prevalence rates, with values ranging from 1% to 14% [2,5,14]. Ten studies reported the male-to-female ratio [3,13-17,19-24] and the prevalence of ADHD was generally higher in men than in women, with a 4:1 ratio in four studies [14,17,22,24] and 2:1 in three studies [3,13,20]. …”

Nonlinear analysis of actigraphic signals for the assessment of the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

“…In this cohort, its prevalence is about 2-16%, depending on the diagnostic criteria and the studied population [46] (for instance, 10% in North Carolina [45], 6.8% in Australia [20], 7-10% in Spain [24] and, specifically, 6.66% in Castilla y León [48], where patients in our study are from). However, even though the treatment of ADHD is well-defined for the known types-inattentive, hyperactive-impulsivity and combined-the fact that its etiology [29,11,22,23,21,9] is not completely understood explains the absence of a simple standard diagnostic method.…”

Desempeño en funciones ejecutivas y síntomas comórbidos asociados en niños con Trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH)

“…Entre los síntomas externalizantes, el problema de conducta constituye, junto con las dificultades escolares, la sintomatología con la repercusión más negativa del TDAH (Rodríguez-Molinero et al, 2009). Varios estudios han mostrado que la correlación entre el TDAH y los síntomas externalizantes alcanzan hasta el 20 y 30%, valores que pueden aumentar hasta 10 puntos al llegar a la adolescencia (Caballo & Simón, 2001;Wicks-Nelson, Israel, & Frías, 1997).…”