Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de enterobiasis en preescolares y escolares de Taratara, Estado Falcón, Venezuela

Abstract

Between July and November 2004, a survey was conducted in order to investigate the clinical and epidemiological profiles of enterobiasis in 100 preschool (2-5 years) and primary school (6-12 years) aged children, from a rural village in north western semiarid region, Falcon state, Venezuela. Symptoms associated to oxiuriasis, including anal pruritus, perianal lesions, bruxism, enuresis, as well as children behaviours (finger sucking, hand washing, etc.), were determined by means of clinical examination and anamnesis. The Graham technique (perianal swabs with an adhesive cellulose tape) was used to perform the parasitological diagnosis. The overall prevalence was high (45%). There was no difference in the prevalence between sexes (χ 2 = 0, 0016; p= 0,968) or ages (χ 2 = 0,087; p= 0,769). Anal pruritus was the most common clinical finding and the only one significantly associated with enterobiasis, being detected in 33% of in infected children and in 24% of non parasitized ones. Graffar analysis revealed that the majority of children belong to the poorer socioeconomic strata: IV (77, 6%) and V (17, 2%). The following risk factors appeared to be significantly related to transmission and endemic maintenance of enterobiasis: pet playing (OR= 3,90), overcrowding (OR= 2,4), mother's low level education (OR= 7,88) and non-potable water consuming (OR= 1,01). Aerosol, inhalation and retroinfection dissemination, instead of via handanus-mouth, should be playing a relevant role in the transmission of Enterobius vermicularis among children.

A cross‐sectional study of intestinal parasitoses in dogs and children of the periurban area of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina): Zoonotic importance and implications in public health

“…Furthermore, E. vermicularis was greater in children with onychophagia and in 6 year olds and older whose parents completed only primary studies, these therefore being factors of greater infection risk. These results are not surprising when considering the transmission by anus–hand–mouth route that favours the scattering of eggs over various surfaces (included the body and hair of pets) and it is worsened by overcrowding and by sharing beds and clothes (Cazorla, Acosta, Zarraga, & Morales, ; Chai et al., ; Zonta, Susevich, Gamboa, & Navone, ). Likewise, the education level of the parents has turned out to be an infection risk factor for Blastocystis sp.…”

Estudio transversal de las parasitosis intestinales en poblaciones infantiles de Argentina

“…Afecta principalmente a niños y niñas en edad escolar que aún no incorporaron hábitos higiénicos adecuados y en los que es frecuente la onicofagia y el deficiente lavado de las uñas y las manos, lo que favorece su transmisión. El hacinamiento y el compartir camas y ropa constituyen otros factores que predisponen a esta infestación (40, 41). …”

Evolución de la prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en la ciudad de Talca, Región del Maule, Chile

“…Además es frecuente en distintas zonas templadas, en forma independiente del nivel sanitario del individuo. Se condice este hallazgo con otras publicaciones, tanto nacionales como extranjeras [27][28][29][30][31] . En relación a los parásitos comensales éstos presentan también una alta ocurrencia y una variabilidad no tan marcada como los patógenos, en los casos de E. coli, Iodamoeba bütschlii, E. nana y C. mesnili, con una porcentaje promedio de portación de 18,3% para el primer quinquenio (1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989) presentando éste el valor más signifi cativo del estudio (35,4% globalmente).…”