Estuary Plumes and Fronts in Shelf Waters: A Layer Model

Garvine, Richard W.

doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1987)017<1877:epafis>2.0.co;2

Cited by 219 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…Generally speaking, the forcing operated by the freshwater on the ambient flow can be interpreted in terms of a classical Rossby geostrophic adjustment problem (Hsieh and Gill, 1983). As shown by Garvine (1987), rotation is a key factor in the dynamics of the plume. Even for small estuaries, the Coriolis acceleration greatly modifies the density fields and the currents at considerable distances from the river mouth.…”

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An accurate description of the dynamics of supercritical flows can be found in Garvine (1987);Chao (1987);and Oey (1996). In particular, the formation of the discharge front at the river mouth and a coastal front bounding a coastal jet downstream, which eventually become unstable and start meandering, is clearly described in Garvine (1987) and Oey and G.L.Mellor (1992). Following the classification of Chao (1987) revisited by Kourafalou et al (1996a), in a supercritical flow the dimension of the bulge at the estuary mouth greatly exceeds the width of the coastal jet downstream, while in subcritical flows the two amplitudes are at least comparable.…”

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While in supercritical flows all disturbances (Kelvin waves and internal waves) propagate downstream, in subcritical flows long gravity wave perturbations can propagate upstream in the region where F < 1. A discrimination between supercritical and subcritical flows was introduced by Garvine (1987) in terms of the transport parameter τ = Tf/(2(g d 0 ) 2 ) and the angle made by the estuary with the coastline. Here, T is river discharge and f is the Coriolis parameter.…”

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of river Tiber discharge investigated through numerical simulation and satellite monitoring

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the dispersion of passive pollutants associated with the Tiber discharge into the Tyrrhenian Sea using numerical marine dispersion models and satellite data. Numerical results obtained in the simulation of realistic discharge episodes were compared with the corresponding evolution of the spatial distributions of MODIS diffuse light attenuation coefficient at 490 nm (K490), and the results were discussed with reference to the local climate and the seasonal sub-regional circulation regime. The numerical model used for the simulation of the sub-tidal circulation was a Mediterranean sub-regional scale implementation of the Princeton Ocean Model (POM), nested in the large-scale Mediterranean Forecasting System. The nesting method enabled the model to be applied to almost every area in the Mediterranean Sea and also to be used in seasons for which imposing climatological boundary conditions would have been questionable. Dynamical effects on coastal circulation and on water density due to the Tiber discharge were additionally accounted for in the oceanographic model by implementing the river estuary as a point source of a buoyant jet. A Lagrangian particle dispersion model fed with the POM current fields was then run in order to reproduce the effect of the turbulent transport of passive tracers mixed in the plume with the coastal flow. Two significant episodes of river discharge in both winter and summer conditions were discussed in this paper. It was found that the winter regime was characterized by the presence of a strong coastal jet flowing with the ambient current. In summer the prevailing wind regime induced coastal downwelling conditions, which tended to confine the riverine waters close to the shore. In such conditions sudden wind reversals due to local weather perturbations, causing moderate local upwelling, proved to be the only effective way to disperse the tracers offshore, moving the plume from the coast and detaching large pools of freshwater.

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Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R Inghilesi Et Al: Fate Of River Tiber Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of river Tiber discharge investigated through numerical simulation and satellite monitoring

et al. 2012

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“…Due to the coastal geography of Liverpool Bay, the large freshwater plume naturally moves north along the English coastline (Howarth et al, 2014) due to the Coriolis effect in the Northern Hemisphere (Garvine, 1987). Wind influence acting on the ROFI can strain the vertical density gradient (Scully et al, 2005), either enhancing (offshore winds) or reducing or even reversing stratification (onshore winds).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of operational model nesting approaches and inherent errors for coastal simulations

et al. 2016

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A region of freshwater influence (ROFI) under hypertidal conditions is used to demonstrate inherent problems for nested operational modelling systems. Such problems can impact the accurate simulation of freshwater export within shelf seas, so must be considered in coastal ocean modelling studies. In Liverpool Bay (our UK study site), freshwater inflow from 3 large estuaries forms a coastal front that moves in response to tides and winds. The cyclic occurrence of stratification and remixing is important for the biogeochemical cycles, as nutrient and pollutant loaded freshwater is introduced into the coastal system. Validation methods, using coastal observations from fixed moorings and cruise transects, are used to assess the simulation of the ROFI, through improved spatial structure and temporal variability of the front, as guidance for best practise model setup. A structured modelling system using a 180 m grid nested within a 1.8 km grid demonstrates how compensation for error at the coarser resolution can have an adverse impact on the nested, high resolution application. Using 2008, a year of typical calm and stormy periods with variable river influence, the sensitivities of the ROFI dynamics to initial and boundary conditions are investigated. It is shown that accurate representation of the initial water column structure is important at the regional scale and that the boundary conditions are most important at the coastal scale. Although increased grid resolution captures the frontal structure, the accuracy in frontal position is determined by the offshore boundary conditions and therefore the accuracy of the coarser regional model.

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Sensitivity of plume dynamics to the parameterization of vertical mixing

Davies¹,

Xing²

1999

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids

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Estuary Plumes and Fronts in Shelf Waters: A Layer Model

Cited by 219 publications

References 0 publications

Fate of river Tiber discharge investigated through numerical simulation and satellite monitoring

Fate of river Tiber discharge investigated through numerical simulation and satellite monitoring

Impact of operational model nesting approaches and inherent errors for coastal simulations

Sensitivity of plume dynamics to the parameterization of vertical mixing

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