Estruturas flutuantes para a exploração de campos de petróleo no mar(FPSO): apoio à decisão na escolha do sistema.

Abstract

RESUMOFreqüentemente os profissionais da construção naval tomam decisões para selecionar os elementos que devem ser especificados na composição de determinado projeto. Além da experiência e do conhecimento necessários para optar por um caminho adequado, a escolha deve atender eficientemente ao problema proposto e às preferências do projetista.A seleção de componentes do projeto de estruturas flutuantes para exploração de campos de petróleo no mar envolve aspectos objetivos e subjetivos. O trabalho apresenta e aplica alguns métodos de auxílio à tomada de decisão possibilitando ao projetista aprimorar sua sensibilidade.O objetivo da pesquisa é apresentar de forma sumária as duas bases para a decisão sobre o projeto, que são os métodos de apoio e os requisitos que as instalações FPSO devem atender, fornecendo como resultado um procedimento que permitirá aos usuários a melhor escolha dos componentes e aumentar a sensibilidade dos projetistas na seleção entre as possíveis opções (fazer totalmente novo ou aproveitar o existente).O trabalho apresenta uma revisão dos princípios da análise da decisão, informações sobre métodos de apoio à decisão, os dados de entrada do problema proposto, o método de projetos navais, os requisitos básicos para construção de estruturas flutuantes de exploração de petróleo no mar e os requisitos básicos para uma instalação FPSO.Para a solução do problema se aplicaram os métodos de árvore de decisão, para a parte correspondente às decisões sob risco e o método de análise hierárquica AHP para as decisões tomadas sob certeza. ABSTRACTFrequently, naval construction engineers take decisions to select the elements which must specified for the composition of a determined project. Besides the necessary experience and the knowledge to choose a proper way, the option must fulfil efficiently the problem requirements and the preferences of the designer.The choice of components in the design off-shore structures for production in sea oilfields, involves objective and subjective aspects. This work introduces and uses a few methods of decision aids, helping the designer to improve his sensibility.The objective of this research is to present in a simple way two foundations to decide about the project, which are the aid decision methods and the requirements which the FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading System) must fulfil, supplying a procedure that enables the designer to take the best choice of components and to increase his sensibility referring to the selection among the possible options, wich are to make a completely new FPSO or to use an existing one.This work offers a revision of the principles of the decision analysis theory, the data input of the problem, the classic naval design method, the basic requirements to build floating structures to off-shore oil extraction, and the basic requirements for a FPSO installation.To solve the problem the decision tree method, for decision under risk, and the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), for decision under certainty, were applied. RESUMENFrecue...

A methodology to select the electric propulsion system for Platform Supply Vessels (PSV).

“…To select the best arrangement, various selection methodologies are proposed by Garber (2002). The most recommended one is the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology as pointed out by Garber (2002), Pereira (2007) and Moratelli (2010).…”

“…The most recommended one is the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology as pointed out by Garber (2002), Pereira (2007) and Moratelli (2010).…”

“…In the conceptual stage of the design, it is desirable to have as much information as possible about similar vessels, with the objective of using it as a guide for possible solutions (GARBER, 2002). The similar vessels are ships with the same or almost the same characteristics as the ship under study, in this case PSVs with electric propulsion systems.…”

“…The arrangement values for each parameter (mass, volume, etc. ) were normalized according to the methodology for quantitatively data (see GARBER, 2002;PEREIRA, 2007;MORATELLY, 2010;SAATY, 1980) and placed in the correspondent space. The overall priority is obtained by the multiplication of the normalized value of each sub-criteria by the weigh of the sub-criteria (for example, in the Scenario 1-arrangement 1, the normalized value of the mass is multiplied by 0.45), afterwards, it is necessary to add this result to the remaining results of the grouped sub-criteria (the mass is multiplied by 0.45 added to the volume, which is multiplied by 0.45, and to the fuel consumption, also multiplied by 0.09), the total sum is then multiplied by the weigh of the main criterion which is added to the results of the remaining sub-criteria and main criteria.…”

“…B.1, the mass of the transformer is estimated to be: The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), is a methodology to support the decision making process through the specific evaluation of the proposed alternatives, resulting in the selection of the one that best fits a set of criteria. The AHP method allows to simplify a complex selection process with multiple alternatives and criteria by evaluating the alternatives, comparing them by pairs for each selection criterion in an isolated way (GARBER, 2002;PEREIRA, 2007).…”