Estrogens and female liver health

Chen, Karen L.; Madak-Erdoğan, Zeynep

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2017.10.015

Cited by 63 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Among obese women, remission rate of pre and postmenopausal women were equal. Among patients who chose follow up cervical cytology, remission rate of pre (Chen et al, 2018). From the present study, postmenopausal women were more likely to be obese and have underlying diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, similar to the findings reported in previous literature (Krychman et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of Obesity in Persistent or Remission in Postmenopausal Women with Atypical Cervical Cytology

Phaliwong

Luangdansakul

Bhamarapravatana

et al. 2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Hav et al., 2016). It is known that the cervical cytology of the ASC-US type is an atypical report that indicated either a low-risk or high grade cervical cytology abnormality. AbstractObjectives: To determine the effects of obesity in pre and postmenopausal women diagnosed with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) (in cases of remission, persistence, and progression of disease) after initial management and follow-up within 2 years to inform proper management for postmenopausal Thai women. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand between January 2013 and October 2018. Medical records of 506 patients whose cervical cytology reported of ASC-US were reviewed. Prevalence of silent high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) was evaluated. Cervical cytology after completed follow-up within 2 years were determined. Results: During the study period, there were 506 cases of ASC-US cytology reported. One quarter of cases were of post-menopausal status. Prevalence of CIN 2/3 in ASC-US cytology in pre and postmenopausal women were 9.9 and 7.2%, respectively. At 2-year follow-up appointments, around 90% of patients who completed follow-up remained in remission of the disease in both age groups. Menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), sexual activity, number of sexual partners, parity, smoking and hormone replacement therapy were not correlating factors to remission. Obese postmenopausal women had a lower remission rate of CIN, but this finding was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Obesity was not found to correlate strongly with the progression or remission of CIN. Obese postmenopausal women may still be affected by a persistence of the disease. Continuing cervical cytology monitoring should be recommended for such patients. Silent high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) in ASC-US cytology in this study were high. Colposcopy should be recommended for diagnosis and follow-up in this setting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of Obesity in Persistent or Remission in Postmenopausal Women with Atypical Cervical Cytology

Phaliwong

Luangdansakul

Bhamarapravatana

et al. 2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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“…In fact, data suggest that estrogen appears to have a protective role. In this context, females with NAFLD seem to have lower levels of estradiol, and receiving hormone replacement therapy may result in lower rates of NAFLD . However, given significantly higher rates of metabolic derangement and the increasing prevalence of obesity, it can be suggested that a change in the metabolic trends is a more important factor contributing to higher rates of NAFLD than other sex‐specific mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, females with NAFLD seem to have lower levels of estradiol, (34,35) and receiving hormone replacement therapy may result in lower rates of NAFLD. (36) However, given significantly higher rates of metabolic derangement and the increasing prevalence of obesity, it can be suggested that a change in the metabolic trends is a more important factor contributing to higher rates of NAFLD than other sex-specific mechanisms. Moreover, the mean age of women with NAFLD has decreased over time from 54.6 years to 52 years, and the prevalence of NAFLD among younger patients (20-44 years) has increased from 11% to 17%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Female Population

et al. 2018

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There is a paucity of recent data about the epidemiology and long‐term outcomes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the female population. Our aim was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and mortality of NAFLD in female adults of the United States. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and NHANES 1999‐2014 were used. NAFLD status was determined by the U.S. Fatty Liver Index (US‐FLI) in the absence of other liver diseases and excessive alcohol consumption. The prevalence rates, risk factors, and 5‐year all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality were determined in women with NAFLD. The most recent prevalence of NAFLD among female adults (2007‐2014) in the United States was 24.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.48‐26.33). Prevalence was higher among women >44 years of age and those with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. In addition, the average age of the female population with NAFLD has decreased over time. The fully adjusted odds ratios in women with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD were 1.48 (95% CI, 1.20‐1.82) for cardiovascular disease (CVD), 1.89 (95% CI, 1.42‐2.52) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score ≥7.5%, and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.37‐2.25) for either CVD or ASCVD ≥7.5%. The 5‐year mortality for female adults with NAFLD was significantly higher than for those without NAFLD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07‐2.05). Among women with NAFLD, those with ASCVD ≥7.5% had significantly higher 5‐year all‐cause mortality and CVD mortality. Conclusion: The prevalence of NAFLD in female NHANES participants from the United States has continued over recent years. In the female population with NAFLD, ASCVD ≥7.5% is an independent predictor of overall and cardiac‐specific mortality.

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“…It seems that MetS is more prevalent among postmenopausal women than among premenopausal women. Oestrogens are the key roles in maintaining homoeostasis in healthy premenopausal women . When oestrogen levels decrease and circulating androgen levels increase with menopause resulting in weight gain, fat redistribution and dyslipidemia, all these major hallmarks of MetS associated with increased risk of NAFLD or cardiovascular disease appear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oestrogens are the key roles in maintaining homoeostasis in healthy premenopausal women. 21,22 When oestrogen levels decrease and circulating androgen levels increase with menopause resulting in weight gain, fat redistribution and dyslipidemia, all these major hallmarks of MetS associated with increased risk of NAFLD or cardiovascular disease appear. 23 The current study indicated that the combined prevalence of MetS and HBV was estimated as 2.6%, which is higher than the prevalence reported in western countries.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Metabolic Syndrome In Lean Body Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between chronic viral hepatitis and metabolic syndrome in southern Taiwan: a large population‐based study

Kuo

Kee

Wang

et al. 2018

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Summary Background The impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on hepatitis is an interesting issue. Aim To evaluate the association of MetS and chronic viral hepatitis including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in southern Taiwan. Methods From 2004 to 2013, a series of community‐based health screenings for residents aged 40 and older were held in Tainan city. MetS was defined according to the Joint Scientific Statement. Cut‐offs of body‐mass index measures of 24 kg/m2 and 27 kg/m2 were used to stratify lean, overweight and obese subjects. Results We enrolled 180 359 participants; the prevalence of MetS was 30.1%, which was significantly associated with advanced age and female sex. There were 18 726 (10.4%) HBV, 13 428 (7.4%) HCV, 1337 (0.7%) HBV plus HCV (B+C) and 146 868 (81.5%) non‐HBV non‐HCV participants (NBNC). Prevalence rates of MetS in subjects with HBV, HCV, B+C and NBNC were 25.2%, 31.5%, 28.9% and 30.7% respectively (P < 0.001). There were 18.8% lean body, 35.4% overweight and 45.8% obese participants among 54 361 MetS subjects. Lean MetS subjects were older, had more diabetes, and had higher metabolic component levels, but lower alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase‐platelet ratio index levels compared with obese MetS subjects. HCV infection was positively associated with MetS (P < 0.001). However, HBV infection was inversely associated with MetS only among lean subjects (P = 0.002), but not among the general population. Conclusions This large population‐based study indicated that HCV infection was positively associated with MetS. However, HBV infection was inversely associated with MetS only among lean subjects.

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Estrogens and female liver health

Cited by 63 publications

References 104 publications

Effect of Obesity in Persistent or Remission in Postmenopausal Women with Atypical Cervical Cytology

Effect of Obesity in Persistent or Remission in Postmenopausal Women with Atypical Cervical Cytology

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Female Population

Association between chronic viral hepatitis and metabolic syndrome in southern Taiwan: a large population‐based study

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