Estrogenic chemicals and estrogenic activity in leachate from municipal waste landfill determined by yeast two-hybrid assay

Abstract

Estrogenic activity and estrogenic chemicals in landfill leachate were investigated by yeast two-hybrid assay and chemical analysis. Leachate sample extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane at pH 7.0 showed a higher dose-response curve than sample extracted at pH 3.0. or than sample extracted by solid phase extraction at either pH 7.0 or 3.0. The fraction extracted at pH 3.0 specifically inhibited not only growth of yeast but also estrogenic activity in this assay, suggesting that it contained anti-estrogenic chemicals. The greatest contributor to estrogenic activity among the chemicals identified in leachate extract was bisphenol A, with an estimated contribution ratio of 84%. The contribution ratios of 4-nonyl phenol (4-np) and 4-tert-octyl phenol (4-t-op) were estimated at 1.0%, and 0.1%, respectively, while natural estrogens such as 17beta-estradiol or estrone were below detection limit, so that their contribution ratio was estimated at no more than 10%. The estrogenic activity of leachate was decreased by aeration treatment alone after 7 days, and was no longer detected after 22 days. Concentrations of bisphenol A, 4-np and 4-t-op likewise decreased with aeration.

Occurrence and Fate of Selected Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Water and Sediment from an Urban Lake

“…A variety of chemicals, such as certain pesticides, herbicides, surfactants, plasticizers, flame retardants, and pharmaceuticals, can potentially act as EDCs. Those chemicals are commonly used in household and industrial products and can enter the environment through municipal and industrial wastewater discharges, agricultural runoff, solid-waste leaching, and garbage incineration (Campbell et al 2006;Kawagoshi et al 2003;Sidhu et al 2005). The occurrence of EDCs in the environment has been reported worldwide (Gong et al 2009;Mayer et al 2007;Pojana et al 2007;Yoon et al 2010), and increasing evidences have suggested possible adverse effects of EDCs to aquatic organisms even at environmentally relevant concentrations (Bahamonde et al 2014;Vajda et al 2011;Woodling et al 2006).…”

Contamination with retinoic acid receptor agonists in two rivers in the Kinki region of Japan

“…The relative agonistic activities (%) of the samples were calculated by setting the maximum b-galactosidase activity of the positive chemical and b-galactosidase activity of the negative control at 100% and 0%, respectively (Inoue et al, 2009). According to the method developed to evaluate the estrogenicity of environmental samples (Kawagoshi et al, 2003), the atRA equivalents (atRA-EQ) of the samples were calculated using the following equation: atRA-EQ (ng/L) ¼ (the atRA concentration (ng/L) that gave 10% relative RARa agonistic activity)/(the concentration factor of the test sample that gave 10% relative RARa agonistic activity).…”

The effect of bisphenol A on some oxidative stress parameters and acetylcholinesterase activity in the heart of male albino rats

“…In addition, another potential source of human exposure is water used for drinking or bathing. Studies conducted in Japan (Kawagoshi et al 2003) and in the United States (Coors et al 2003) have shown that BPA accounts for most estrogenic activity that leaches from landfills into the surrounding ecosystem.…”