Estrogenic and anti‐estrogenic activity of butylparaben, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and propyl gallate and their binary mixtures on two estrogen responsive cell lines (T47D‐Kbluc, MCF‐7)

Pop, Anca; Drugan, Tudor; Gutleb, Arno C.; Lupu, Diana; Cherfan, J.; Loghin, Felicia; Kiss, Béla

doi:10.1002/jat.3601

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…111,112,116 Octyl gallate was not found to affect endocrine receptor activity in the experimental system used by Amadasi et al, but there is some evidence that it can inhibit 5α-reductase and thus influence androgen regulation. 115,117 Propyl gallate did not inhibit 5α-reductase in this system; lauryl gallate was not studied.…”

Section: Acs Sustainable Chemistry and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 90%

Design and Testing of Safer, More Effective Preservatives for Consumer Products

Buckley

Hart‐Cooper

Kim

et al. 2017

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Preservatives deter microbial growth, providing crucial functions of safety and durability in composite materials, formulated products, and food packaging. Concern for human health and the environmental impact of some preservatives has led to regulatory restrictions and public pressure to remove individual classes of compounds, such as parabens and chromated copper arsenate, from consumer products. Bans do not address the need for safe, effective alternative preservatives, which are critical for both product performance (including lifespan and therefore life cycle metrics) and consumer safety. In this work, we studied both the safety and efficacy of a series of phenolic preservatives and compared them to common preservatives found in personal care products and building materials. We quantified antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis (mold) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram negative bacteria), and we conducted a hazard assessment, complemented by computational modeling, to evaluate the human and environmental health impacts of these chemicals. We found that octyl gallate demonstrates better antimicrobial activity and comparable or lower hazards, compared to current-use preservatives. Therefore, octyl gallate may serve as a viable small-molecule preservative, particularly in conjunction with low concentrations of other preservatives that act through complementary mechanisms.

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Section: Acs Sustainable Chemistry and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 90%

Design and Testing of Safer, More Effective Preservatives for Consumer Products

Buckley

Hart‐Cooper

Kim

et al. 2017

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The product might be associated with endocrine disrupting effects in human but evidence is lacking. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), another related antioxidant, has also been loosely correlated with thyroid effects, however its weak anti-estrogenic effect was confirmed only in some cell lines and not in others [115]. P-phenylendiamine, a compound used in hair dyes, has been listed by the ECHA among the Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) because of ED concerns, to be screened in the context of the impact assessment on criteria to identify endocrine disruptors.…”

Section: Other Cosmetic Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disruption by Mixtures in Topical Consumer Products

Ripamonti¹,

Allifranchini²,

Todeschi³

et al. 2018

Cosmetics

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Endocrine disruption has been gathering increasing attention in the past 25 years as a possible new threat for health and safety. Exposure to endocrine disruptor has been progressively linked with a growing number of increasing disease in the human population. The mechanics through which endocrine disruptors act are not yet completely clear, however a number of pathways have been identified. A key concern is the cumulative and synergic effects that endocrine disruptors could have when mixed in consumer products. We reviewed the available literature to identify known or potential endocrine disruptors, as well as endocrine active substances that could contribute to cumulative effects, in topical consumer products. The number of endocrine actives used daily in consumer products is staggering and even though most if not all are used in concentrations that are considered to be safe, we believe that the possibility of combined effects in mixtures and non-monotonic dose/response is enough to require further precautions. A combined in vitro approach based on existing, validated OECD test methods is suggested to screen consumer products and mixtures for potential interaction with estrogen and androgen hormone receptors, in order to identify products that could have cumulative effects or support their safety concerning direct endocrine disruption capabilities.

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“…Oestrogenic activity of parabens was first reported almost 20 years ago (7). Since then, a vast number of research has evidenced different modes of paraben action, including their ability to reach blood and different tissues, their binding affinity to oestrogen receptors, their potential to trigger the growth of oestrogenresponsive breast cancer, or their impact on male reproductive function (8)(9)(10)(11). Considering that most personal care products on the market contain parabens as preservatives, and that parabens have been found in mammary glands and breast cancer tissues (12), there is continuous interest to elucidate adverse outcome pathways of parabens or chemical mixtures containing them in humans (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particular interest has been focused on realistic scenarios of exposure to chemical cocktails in which many types of EDCs act together with other types of chemicals (9). One such scenario is exposure to plastic debris that originates from plastic waste.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of parabens and plastic nanoparticles on proliferation of human breast cancer cells

Roje

Ilić

Galić

et al. 2019

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Many personal care products on the market contain endocrine disrupting chemicals, including parabens. Parabens are well known chemical additives used as preservatives. They have been found in mammary glands and breast cancer tissues. At the same time, the general public is increasingly exposed to plastic micro- and nanoparticles generated during plastic production and waste disposal. Exposure to chemical cocktails is a realistic scenario of high public health interest, in which many types of compounds such as these two may exhibit synergistic or additive adverse effects. This study evaluated the effects of plastic nanoparticles, parabens, and their mixture on the viability and proliferation of two human breast cancer cell lines: MDA-MB 231, which lacks oestrogen receptors, and MCF-7, which expresses these receptors. Parabens increased proliferation of oestrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells, and this effect became synergistic in the presence of plastic nanoparticles. The mechanism behind synergy may be related to the translocation and adsorption properties of nanoplastics, which served as a Trojan horse to expose cells to parabens more efficiently. These preliminary findings support growing evidence warning about the urgent problem of human exposure to combinations of plastic waste and contingent chemicals.

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Estrogenic and anti‐estrogenic activity of butylparaben, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and propyl gallate and their binary mixtures on two estrogen responsive cell lines (T47D‐Kbluc, MCF‐7)

Cited by 36 publications

References 61 publications

Design and Testing of Safer, More Effective Preservatives for Consumer Products

Design and Testing of Safer, More Effective Preservatives for Consumer Products

Endocrine Disruption by Mixtures in Topical Consumer Products

Synergistic effects of parabens and plastic nanoparticles on proliferation of human breast cancer cells

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