Estrogen Receptor β (ERβ) Is Expressed Differently From ERα in Bovine Placentomes

Schuler, Gerhard; Teichmann, Ursula; Taubert, Anja; Failing, Klaus; Hoffmann, Bernd

doi:10.1055/s-2004-830539

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Observations in placentomes from a cow after induction of parturition and in a cow at normal term indicates that prepartal up-regulation of aromatase activity (Tsumagari et al 1993) follows a pattern similar to the one identified for P450c17. The up-regulation of P450arom and oestrogen receptor b (Schuler et al 2005) concomitant with TGC differentiation points to an autocrine regulatory role of placental oestrogens during this process in addition to their previously postulated functions as local caruncular growth factor (Schuler et al 2002). Accordingly, a similar role of placental oestrogens has been suggested previously in the differentiation of syncytiotrophoblast from cytotrophoblast in the human placenta (Bukovsky et al 2003, Rama et al 2004.…”

Section: Day 90mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In cattle, our preceding studies suggest a particular role of placental progesterone and oestrone as local regulators of placental growth and differentiation (Hoffmann et al 1997, Schuler et al 1999, 2005, Hoffmann & Schuler 2002. Sites of placental steroid production are the fetal cotyledons (Hoffmann et al 1979, Conley & Ford 1987, Schuler et al 1994 which, together with the maternal caruncular tissue, form multiple discrete sites of placentation, the placentomes (Leiser & Kaufmann 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reciprocal expression of 17α-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase and aromatase cytochrome P450 during bovine trophoblast differentiation: a two-cell system drives placental oestrogen synthesis

Schuler¹,

Özalp²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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No definitive information is yet available on the steroidogenic capacity of the two morphologically distinct cell types forming the bovine trophoblast, the uninucleated trophoblast cells (UTCs) and the trophoblast giant cells (TGCs). Hence, in order to localise 17a-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase (P450c17) on a cellular level and to monitor its expression as a function of gestational age, placentomes from pregnant (days 80 -284; n 5 19), prepartal (days 273 -282; 24 -36 h prior to the onset of labour; n 5 3) and parturient cows (n 5 5) were immunostained for P450c17 using an antiserum against the recombinant bovine enzyme. At all stages investigated, P450c17 was exclusively found in the UTCs of chorionic villi (CV), where staining was ubiquitous between days 80 and 160, but was largely restricted to primary CV and the branching sites of secondary CV between days 160 and 240. Thereafter, a distinct ubiquitous staining reoccurred in the UTCs of all CV in late pregnant, prepartal and parturient animals. Using an antiserum against human aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom), specific cytoplasmic staining was observed in TGCs. In placentomes from pregnant cows, staining intensity was higher in mature compared with immature TGCs and was more pronounced in the trophoblast covering big stem villi compared with the trophoblast at other sites of the villous tree. In placentomes of a parturient cow, specific staining was only found in mature TGCs that survived the normal, but substantial, prepartal decline in TGC numbers. These results clearly showed that bovine UTCs and TGCs exhibit different steroidogenic capacities, constituting a 'two-cell' organisation for oestrogen synthesis. P450c17 expression appears to be quickly down-regulated and P450arom is up-regulated when UTCs enter the TGC differentiation pathway.

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Section: Day 90mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal expression of 17α-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase and aromatase cytochrome P450 during bovine trophoblast differentiation: a two-cell system drives placental oestrogen synthesis

Schuler¹,

Özalp²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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“…That is also why the analysis through species and tissues (21 subcorpuses) may help sorting out expression specificities, before further biological investigations. As an example, the transcription regulators from these subcorpuses that did not belong to the “gold standard” revealed interesting biological features: i) ESR1 is involved in proliferation and development of various tissues [44] and expressed in bovine placenta [45], ii) HES1 is involved in embryonic patterning [46] and mediates differentiation into mouse trophoblast giant cells [47], iii) Id2 mediates signaling by activating the proto-oncogene Myc [48] and can be down-regulated by TGF-beta signaling to favor differentiation, as evidenced in trophoblast stem cells [49], iv) NANOG is required for the maintenance of cellular pluripotency during normal development as well as in cultured embryonic stem cells but has been detected in bovine extra-embryonic tissues [37], v) P53 regulates the cell cycle and functions as an apoptosis regulator in human villous trophoblast cells [50] and vi) PHB2 is a transcription coregulator, initially identified as a repressor of estrogen-dependent transcriptional activity. Furthermore, it appeared that all these genes had interesting patterns during elongation with ID2 increasingly transcribed and PHB2 decreasingly transcribed from the ovoid to the filamentous stage, whereas HES1 peaked at the tubular stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding biomarkers in non-model species: literature mining of transcription factors involved in bovine embryo development

Turenne¹,

Tiys

Иванисенко

et al. 2012

BioData Mining

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BackgroundSince processes in well-known model organisms have specific features different from those in Bos taurus, the organism under study, a good way to describe gene regulation in ruminant embryos would be a species-specific consideration of closely related species to cattle, sheep and pig. However, as highlighted by a recent report, gene dictionaries in pig are smaller than in cattle, bringing a risk to reduce the gene resources to be mined (and so for sheep dictionaries). Bioinformatics approaches that allow an integration of available information on gene function in model organisms, taking into account their specificity, are thus needed. Besides these closely related and biologically relevant species, there is indeed much more knowledge of (i) trophoblast proliferation and differentiation or (ii) embryogenesis in human and mouse species, which provides opportunities for reconstructing proliferation and/or differentiation processes in other mammalian embryos, including ruminants. The necessary knowledge can be obtained partly from (i) stem cell or cancer research to supply useful information on molecular agents or molecular interactions at work in cell proliferation and (ii) mouse embryogenesis to supply useful information on embryo differentiation. However, the total number of publications for all these topics and species is great and their manual processing would be tedious and time consuming. This is why we used text mining for automated text analysis and automated knowledge extraction. To evaluate the quality of this “mining”, we took advantage of studies that reported gene expression profiles during the elongation of bovine embryos and defined a list of transcription factors (or TF, n = 64) that we used as biological “gold standard”. When successful, the “mining” approach would identify them all, as well as novel ones.MethodsTo gain knowledge on molecular-genetic regulations in a non model organism, we offer an approach based on literature-mining and score arrangement of data from model organisms. This approach was applied to identify novel transcription factors during bovine blastocyst elongation, a process that is not observed in rodents and primates. As a result, searching through human and mouse corpuses, we identified numerous bovine homologs, among which 11 to 14% of transcription factors including the gold standard TF as well as novel TF potentially important to gene regulation in ruminant embryo development. The scripts of the workflow are written in Perl and available on demand. They require data input coming from all various databases for any kind of biological issue once the data has been prepared according to keywords for the studied topic and species; we can provide data sample to illustrate the use and functionality of the workflow.ResultsTo do so, we created a workflow that allowed the pipeline processing of literature data and biological data, extracted from Web of Science (WoS) or PubMed but also from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Gene Ontology (GO), Uniprot, HomoloGene, TcoF-DB and TF...

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“…4, pathway 3). The reduction of SULT1E1 protein abundance and the concomitant up-regulation of ESR2 expression during TGC differentiation [10] suggest that placental estrogens may be involved in the control of this process in an intracrine manner (Fig. 4, pathway 1).…”

Section: Sult1e1 Expression In Bovine Placentomesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The biological role of placental estrogens in cattle remains unclear. The detection of estrogen receptors (ESRs) in cotyledons (ESR2 [ERb]) and caruncles (ESR1 [ERa] and ESR2) [9,10] suggests a role as local regulators of placentomal growth or functions. However, definite proof of this concept is pending [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen-Specific Sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) in Bovine Placentomes: Inverse Levels of mRNA and Protein in Uninucleated Trophoblast Cells and Trophoblast Giant Cells1

Polei

Viergutz

Tomek

et al. 2014

Biology of Reproduction

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The bovine trophoblast produces significant amounts of estrogens. In maternal and fetal blood, estrogens occur predominantly in sulfonated forms, which are unable to bind to estrogen receptors (ESRs). However, estrogens may act as local factors in ESR-positive trophoblast cells or in the adjacent caruncular epithelium, which in addition to ESR highly expresses steroid sulfatase. Estrogen sulfonation is catalyzed by the cytosolic enzyme SULT1E1. Previous studies clearly indicated the trophoblast as the primary site of estrogen sulfonation. However, investigations into the cellular localization of SULT1E1 yielded conflicting results. In situ hybridization studies detected SULT1E1 mRNA only in trophoblast giant cells (TGCs), whereas in immunohistochemical experiments the SULT1E1 protein was virtually restricted to uninucleated trophoblast cells (UTCs). The aim of this work was to resolve this conflict by analyzing SULT1E1 expression in isolated UTCs and TGCs. Highly enriched pools of UTCs and TGCs were obtained from four bovine placentas (Days 118-130 of gestation) using an optimized fluorescence-activated cell sorting procedure. UTC and TGC pools were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot experiments to measure the amounts of SULT1E1 transcript and protein, respectively. In contrast to previously published results, both SULT1E1 transcript and SULT1E1 protein were clearly present in the UTC and TGC pools. However, some evidence indicated a higher transcript concentration in TGCs and a higher amount of protein in UTCs. Thus, our results resolve the conflicting results on the localization of SULT1E1 from earlier studies and suggest that posttranscriptional mechanisms play an important role in the control of SULT1E1 expression during TGC differentiation.

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Estrogen Receptor β (ERβ) Is Expressed Differently From ERα in Bovine Placentomes

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Reciprocal expression of 17α-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase and aromatase cytochrome P450 during bovine trophoblast differentiation: a two-cell system drives placental oestrogen synthesis

Reciprocal expression of 17α-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase and aromatase cytochrome P450 during bovine trophoblast differentiation: a two-cell system drives placental oestrogen synthesis

Finding biomarkers in non-model species: literature mining of transcription factors involved in bovine embryo development

Estrogen-Specific Sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) in Bovine Placentomes: Inverse Levels of mRNA and Protein in Uninucleated Trophoblast Cells and Trophoblast Giant Cells1

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