Estrogen receptor beta in prostate cancer: friend or foe?

Nelson, Adam W; Tilley, Wayne D.; Neal, David E.; Carroll, Jason S.

doi:10.1530/erc-13-0508

Cited by 88 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…A further study has reported that the expression of ERα and aromatase (CYP19) with the R264C polymorphism, a missense SNP located on the CYP19A1 locus, has been shown to result in shorter progression-free survival and an increased risk of developing CRPC in a study of 115 men treated with docetaxel. Taken together, these observations support the hypothesis that ERα can act as an oncogene by mediating the adverse effects of oestrogen in the prostate (Nelson et al 2014).…”

Section: Oestrogen Receptors (Erα or Nr3a1 And Erβ Or Nr3a2)supporting

confidence: 83%

WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: New roles for nuclear receptors in prostate cancer

Leach

Powell

Bevan

2016

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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Prostate cancer has, for decades, been treated by inhibiting androgen signalling. This is effective in the majority of patients, but inevitably resistance develops and patients progress to life-threatening metastatic disease -hence the quest for new effective therapies for 'castrate-resistant' prostate cancer (CRPC). Studies into what pathways can drive tumour recurrence under these conditions has identified several other nuclear receptor signalling pathways as potential drivers or modulators of CRPC. The nuclear receptors constitute a large (48 members) superfamily of transcription factors sharing a common modular functional structure. Many of them are activated by the binding of small lipophilic molecules, making them potentially druggable. Even those for which no ligand exists or has yet been identified may be tractable to activity modulation by small molecules. Moreover, genomic studies have shown that in models of CRPC, other nuclear receptors can potentially drive similar transcriptional responses to the androgen receptor, while analysis of expression and sequencing databases shows disproportionately high mutation and copy number variation rates among the superfamily. Hence, the nuclear receptor superfamily is of intense interest in the drive to understand how prostate cancer recurs and how we may best treat such recurrent disease. This review aims to provide a snapshot of the current knowledge of the roles of different nuclear receptors in prostate cancer -a rapidly evolving field of research.

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Section: Oestrogen Receptors (Erα or Nr3a1 And Erβ Or Nr3a2)supporting

confidence: 83%

WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: New roles for nuclear receptors in prostate cancer

Leach

Powell

Bevan

2016

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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“…Interestingly, higher levels of ERβ correspond to lower survival in HNPC cells through the activation of pAR(s210), although the exact mechanism remains unknown. Additionally, ERβ1 has been proposed to form a complex with AR, resulting in the transcription of AR-dependent genes in PCa (76). Moreover, its spliced variants, ERβ2 and ERβ5, have tumor-promoting actions and are stimulated after dimerization with ERβ1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, these model cell lines are not reflecting the complex cross-talk between AR, ERα and ERβ and other stromal:epithelial interactions known to occur in vivo (76).…”

Section: Erβ Agonistsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Estrogen Receptor β in Prostate Cancer

Christoforou

Christopoulos

Koutsilieris

2014

Mol Med

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Although androgen receptor (AR) signaling is the main molecular tool regulating growth and function of the prostate gland, estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is involved in the differentiation of prostatic epithelial cells and numerous antiproliferative actions on prostate cancer cells. However, ERβ splice variants have been associated with prostate cancer initiation and progression mechanisms. ERβ is promising as an anticancer therapy and in the prevention of prostate cancer. Herein, we review the recent experimental findings of ERβ signaling in the prostate.

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“…Whereas androgen deprivation through antiandrogens or orchiectomy is expected to protect against prostate cancer (69), the role of exogenous estrogen and its action on estrogen receptors α and β also needs to be considered. Recent literature indicates that estrogen receptor α stimulates prostate carcinogenesis, while estrogen receptor β appears to exert an antineoplastic effect, although studies suggest that different estrogen receptor β isoforms may have different and sometimes opposing modes of action (70)(71)(72). Estrogen receptors are not the only target of estrogen; it has been shown that 17β-estradiol can bind to androgen receptors with the assistance of coactivators or androgen receptor mutations that result in 17β-estradiol hypersensitivity (73,74).…”

Section: Possible Effects Of Cross-sex Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer in Transgender People: Evidence and Methodological Considerations

Braun

Nash

Tangpricha

et al. 2017

Epidemiologic Reviews

167

122

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Transgender people comprise a diverse group of individuals whose gender identity or expression differs from that originally assigned to them at birth. Some, but not all, transgender people elect to undergo medical gender affirmation, which may include therapy with cross-sex hormones and/or surgical change of the genitalia and other sex characteristics. As cross-sex hormones administered for the purposes of gender affirmation may be delivered at high doses and over a period of decades, the carcinogenicity of hormonal therapy in transgender people is an area of considerable concern. In addition, concerns about cancer risk in transgender patients have been linked to sexually transmitted infections, increased exposure to well-known risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use, and the lack of adequate access to screening. Several publications have identified cancer as an important priority in transgender health research and called for large-scale studies. The goals of this article are to summarize the evidence on factors that may differentially affect cancer risk in transgender people, assess the relevant cancer surveillance and epidemiologic data available to date, and offer an overview of possible methodological considerations for future studies investigating cancer incidence and mortality in this population.

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Estrogen receptor beta in prostate cancer: friend or foe?

Cited by 88 publications

References 148 publications

WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: New roles for nuclear receptors in prostate cancer

WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: New roles for nuclear receptors in prostate cancer

The Role of Estrogen Receptor β in Prostate Cancer

Cancer in Transgender People: Evidence and Methodological Considerations

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