Animal
husbandry is the second largest source of steroid estrogen
(SE) pollutants in the environment, and it is significant to investigate
the occurrence and fate of SEs discharged from concentrated animal
feeding operations. In this research, with a Chinese typical concentrated
dairy farm as the object, the concentrations of SEs (E1, 17α-E2,
17β-E2, E3, and E1-S3) in slurry, lagoon water, and slurry-irrigated
soil samples in summer, autumn, and winter were determined. The total
concentrations of SEs (mainly E1, 17α-E2, and 17β-E2)
in slurry were very high in the range of 263.1–2475.08 ng·L–1. In the lagoon water, the removal efficiencies of
the aerobic tank could reach up to 89.53%, with significant fluctuation
in different seasons. In the slurry-irrigated soil, the maximum concentrations
of SEs in the topsoil and subsoil were 21.54 ng·g–1 to 6.82 g·g–1, respectively. Most of the
SEs tended to transport downward and accumulate in the soil accompanied
with the complex mutual conversion. Correlations and hierarchical
clustering analysis showed a variety of intertransformation among
SEs, and the concentrations of SEs were correlated with various physicochemical
indexes, such as TN and NO3
–-N of the
slurry, chemical oxygen demand of the lagoon water, and the heavy
metals of soil. In addition, 17β-estradiol equivalency assessment
and risk quotients indicated that the slurry irrigation and discharge
of the lagoon water would cause potential estrogenic risks to the
environment. Consequently, reasonable slurry irrigation and lagoon
water discharge are essential to efficiently control SE pollution
in the environment.