2005
DOI: 10.1002/syn.20214
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Estrogen attenuates gp120- and tat1-72-induced oxidative stress and prevents loss of dopamine transporter function

Abstract: Postmenopausal women who are infected with HIV are at risk for experiencing dementia and Parkinson's-like symptoms associated with low levels of estrogen. Neurotoxic damage leading to these symptoms may involve HIV-associated proteins gp120 and/or tat(1-72) (tat). Our hypothesis is that 17beta-Estradiol (E(2)) is an effective agent for protection against gp120/tat-induced damage associated with increased oxidative stress, with particular focus on peroxynitrite-induced oxidative stress. We used SK-N-SH cells an… Show more

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Cited by 89 publications
(98 citation statements)
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“…This working model illustrates a Wnt5a signaling cascade that coordinates the neuroinflammaory responses to HIV gp120. gp120 is a major viral coat protein that causes HIV-1-associated CNS neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity (59,60). However, the molecular mechanism by which gp120 elicits neuroinflammation in vivo is still incompletely understood.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This working model illustrates a Wnt5a signaling cascade that coordinates the neuroinflammaory responses to HIV gp120. gp120 is a major viral coat protein that causes HIV-1-associated CNS neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity (59,60). However, the molecular mechanism by which gp120 elicits neuroinflammation in vivo is still incompletely understood.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SK-N-SH cells respond to numerous insults including Ī²-amyloid, mitochondrial permeability transition, and serum deprivation, indicating that this cell line could be very useful in the assessment of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection [4]. SK-N-SH cells have been used by this and other laboratories [5,20,21,46,[48][49][50][51]56] as an in vitro model for studying potential neuroprotection mechanisms. Multiple mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to the cytoprotective effect of pyruvate.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Clinical features of HIV dementia are attributed to a dysfunction in dopaminergic systems (Koutsilieri et al, 2002b). Moreover, dopaminergic cell loss is evident in the substantia nigra of AIDS patients (Itoh et al, 2000), and HIV proteins affect dopamine function (Theodore et al, 2006;Wallace et al, 2006). We have shown previously that dopamine deficits constitute initial evidence for brain dysfunction in a susceptible brain region, the putamen in early SIV-infection (Scheller et al, 2005).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%