Estresse e jornada laboral dos trabalhadores de enfermagem

Abstract

General Objective -Analyze the correlations between stress and workload of nursing professional at a public hospital in the city of Teresina, Piauí. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational, quantitative study performed at a public general hospital in the city of Teresina (Piauí), between January and April and September to November of 2013. In the first stage the ramdom sample, consisted of 145 nursing professionals, to whom was applied Section 1 of the Risk assessment guide in workplace questionnaire. In the second stage, the sample was composed of 93 professionals, who were submitted to the Adult stress symptom inventory (ISSL). The cortisol concentration quantity was determined using the Salivary Assay Kit from Salimetrics in 84 nursing professionals. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The data Analysis was performed through descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 18.0. Results: 92,4% of the nursing professionals were female, 52,4% married, mostly in the age group between 41-50 years old (34,5%), having the average age of 44,4 years old. 60 of them were nurse technicians (41,4%), 13,1% stated working in the sterilization hub and 11,7% in operating rooms or postanesthesia care unit. As to their employment contract, 81,4% mentioned being state workers, however 17,9% of them affirmed having other kinds of contract. The day shift is performed by 56,6% of these professionals, followed by 29,7% of regular working days, with a total amount of 70,4% who work on shifts (day and night).Having 30 hours or less of work per week was mentioned by 69,7%; however 33,1% worked in other hospital facilities; the amount of pay to 54,5% was between 1 and 2 monthly minimum wage; 55,9% had just one job and 44,1% had from two to four jobs. The perceived risk factors in workplace by the nursing professionals in descending order were: risk of contracting infections/disease (77,2%), exposure to biological risk (68,3%), lesion due to perforating-cutting material (55,9%), exposure to hepatitis virus (55,1%), exposure to HIV virus (53,8%) and risk due to work overload (53,8%). The most frequent perceived health problems (provoked/ aggravated) related to work were: varicose veins (56,5%), low back pain (46,9%), stress/depression (41,4%) and lesions due to accidents (32,4%). When filling the ISSL, 93 questionnaires were obtained, from which 65 professionals showed stress symptons, although most of them (57) were in the resistance stage. The measured salivary cortisol levels ranged from 0,061mg/dl to 0,849mg/dl, with a few samples beyond normality. It was found a correlation between the workload of over 30 hours per week and stress. Conclusion: The use of salivary cortisol can help detect deleterious conditions generated by chronic occupational stress in nursing professionals, contributing to the early recognition of these conditions and to the adoption of preventive measures which permit assuring the health service quality and the balance bet...

Gerenciamento dos riscos ocupacionais da enfermagem na atenção básica: estudo exploratório descritivo / Management of occupational risks of nursing in primary health care: a descriptive exploratory study

“…4,5,8 The study performed by Valim and Marziale (2012) stated that 34.5% of nursing work records with exposure to biological material were preventable. The biological hazards to which nursing professionals are exposed cause serious problems for the exposed professional, where the most worrisome is the exposure to viruses such as: HBV (hepatitis B), HCV (hepatitis C) and HIV (human immunodeficiency).…”

“…15 Psychosocial hazards can be associated with fatigue, tension, loss of control over work, impact of night work casters, work overtime, subordinate work, disqualification of the worker, among others. 8 Ergonomic hazards were evident in heavy physical exertion. The home visit demands great physical effort, mainly in some regions of the neighborhood where the units are located.…”

“…8 Studies in this area have pointed out the health problems of professionals exposed to ergonomic hazards such as: eating disorders, sleep disorders, elimination, fatigue, injuries to the body systems, decreased alertness, stress, disorganization in the family environment and neuroses. All of that often can lead to work-related accidents and medical issues.…”

“…All of that often can lead to work-related accidents and medical issues. 8 Those factors when correlated with the professionals' gender can make the effort even greater, since women often reconcile domestic activities with work. It represents physical and mental exhaustion that can have repercussions on health problems.…”

“…In such situations, sometimes the work stops having satisfaction, material gain, and useful social services, to become suffering, exploitation, disease, and death. 8 It is considered that workers who carry out activities in more than one job increase their chances of becoming ill and having accidents. These situations culminate in exacerbated exposure to the risks present in the work environment.…”