Estrategia de intervención educativa para el abordaje del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con hipertensión arterial

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and nationally. Faced with this problem, educational strategies are essential in preventing and managing CVD. Aim: This study aimed to develop an academic intervention strategy to address cardiovascular risk (CVR) in patients with high blood pressure (HTN). A quasi-experimental study was carried out in which CVR and lifestyle habits were determined through the Globorisk and FANTASTIC Scale, respectively, before the educational intervention and after it, in a population of 97 patients of 40 to 79 years of age with primary HTN in the period from March to August 2021. The intervention consisted of educational strategies to promote healthy lifestyle habits and the prescription of an individualized eating plan according to the needs of the participants. Results: After the intervention, blood pressure control was obtained in 28.86% of the study population, body mass index decreased by 3.1%, CVR decreased by 11.34%, and healthy lifestyles improved by 9.15% (p=0.000) in all variables. Conclusions: In patients with HTN, educational interventions to promote healthy lifestyles improve CVR factors. Keywords: Arterial hypertension; Cardiovascular risk; Healthy lifestyles; Primary health care.