Estratégia alimentar do espadarte (Xiphias gladius) no atlântico equatorial sudoeste.

Júnior, Teodoro Vaske; Lessa, Rosangela

doi:10.5914/tropocean.v33i2.5064

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The sagitta otoliths and cephalopod beaks were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level using a stereomicroscope, a reference otolith collection of fish collected in the study area, and published catalogues (Corrêa & Vianna, 1992/93; Lemos et al ., 1992/93, 1995 a , 1995 b ; Vaske-Junior, 2006; Rossi-Wongtschowski et al ., 2014; Siliprandi et al ., 2016; Santificetur et al ., 2017). Otoliths and beaks were then classified into two categories each: right or left otoliths and lower or upper beaks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil

et al. 2020

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This study evaluated the feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil. Stomach contents were collected from a total of 145 dead specimens found incidentally caught by fishing vessels or stranded between 2005 and 2015. Fish otoliths, cephalopod beaks and whole non-digested prey were used for prey species identification. A total of 9337 prey items were identified, including 26 species of teleost fishes and three species of cephalopods. The most important prey families were Sciaenidae among fish and Loliginidae among cephalopods. Franciscana dolphins tended to feed on small fish (mean = 5.25 cm) and cephalopods (mean = 8.57 cm). The index of relative importance (IRI) showed that Pellona harroweri and Doryteuthis plei were the most important prey for both males and females. The PERMANOVA test confirmed that there is no significant difference between the feeding habits of different sexes, but detected a significant difference among seasons. Overall, our results show that franciscana dolphins are predominantly ichthyophagous and non-selective in relation to the type of prey, feeding on pelagic, demersal and pelagic-demersal prey.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…and Vampyroteuthis infernalis which are dwellers of the inferior mesopelagic environment (500-1000 m). The high abundance of the brephoepipelagic fishes has also been observed in the feeding habits of the other pelagic predators in the same area such as dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus (VASKE JR. ; LESSA, 2004), istiophorids and swordfish, Xiphias gladius LESSA, 2005). The very wide distribution and abundance of brephoepipelagic fishes indicate that they are an important food resource not only for the epipelagic predators in the area but also for the bigeye tuna, although the preference is for migrant and deep-water organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forage fauna in the diet of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the western tropical Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2012

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A total of 291 stomachs of bigeye tuna caught in the Western tropical Atlantic Ocean ranging between 60 and 195 cm fork length, were analyzed between October 2004 and November 2005. The vertical distribution of prey was studied in relation to their feeding strategies. A total of 83 prey items were identified of which 46 were fishes, represented mainly by brephoepipelagic, and meso-bathypelagic fishes; 20 cephalopods, 13 pelagic crustaceans, one tunicate, one heteropod and one pteropod. The Caribbean pomfret Brama caribbea was the most important food item, followed by other mesopelagic fishes such as Alepisaurus ferox, Omosudis lowei, Gempylus serpens, Brama brama and Diretmus argenteus. The squid Ornithoteuthis antillarum was the main preyed-on cephalopod, and the crustaceans Caridea and Brachyuran megalopae were also important food items. The feeding may occur continuously, all the time, or at least during the greater part of the day or night, as part of the feeding strategy to prey upon a vertically scattered small prey distributed in the water column. The relative equality in the proportions of surface, mid-water and deep-water prey organisms reflects the behavior of constant vertical displacement in the search for prey. Although the bigeye tuna prefers subthermocline layers, most of its prey items perform diel migrations and can be preyed on both near the surface and in deeper waters.
Um total de 291 estômagos de albacoras-bandolins capturadas no oceano Atlântico tropical oeste variando entre 60 e 195 cm de comprimento furcal, foram analisados entre outubro de 2004 e dezembro de 2005. A distribuição vertical das presas foi estudada em relação às estratégias alimentares. Um total de 83 itens alimentares foi identificado dos quais 46 foram peixes representados principalmente por peixes brefoepipelágicos e mesopelágicos, 20 cefalópodes, 13 crustáceos pelágicos, um tunicado, um heterópode e um pterópode. A palombeta-do-Caribe, Brama caribbea, foi o item alimentar mais importante, seguida de outros peixes mesopelágicos como Alepisaurus ferox, Omosudis lowei, Gempylus serpens, Brama brama e Diretmus argenteus. A lula Ornithoteuthis antillarum foi o principal cefalópode predado, e os crustáceos Caridea e megalopas de Brachyura também foram itens importantes. A alimentação deve ocorrer de forma contínua, toda hora, ou pelo menos durante a maior parte do dia ou da noite, como parte da estratégia de predar sobre presas espalhadas na coluna d'água. A relativa equitabilidade de proporções de organismos de superfície, meia-água e água profunda na dieta refletem um comportamento de constante deslocamento vertical a procura de presas. Embora a albacora-bandolim prefira camadas subtermoclinais, a maioria de suas presas realiza migrações verticais diárias e podem então, serem predadas tanto próximas à superfície como em águas mais profundas

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“…Studies on the swordfish diet carried out in southeastern and southern Brazil recorded a higher frequency of the occurrence of cephalopods, followed by bony fish (Mazzoleni and Schwingel 2002;Vaske Júnior and Lessa 2005;Gorni et al 2012Gorni et al , 2013. Although turtles are not part of the regular diet of swordfish or any other billfish, impalements may be caused by an accidental collision since this type of attack is not beneficial for the swordfish as corroborated by Frazier et al (1994).…”

Section: N P R E S Smentioning

confidence: 91%

Beyond fishing: loggerhead turtle impalement by swordfish

et al. 2022

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Sea turtles are susceptible to a wide range of impacts. In Brazil, the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) is the main sea turtle species caught incidentally by longline fishing fleets that target the blue shark Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) and swordfish Xiphias gladius (Linnaeus, 1758). The latter is well known for its predation strategy, which consists of using the rostrum to injure and catch prey. In this study, we recorded for the first time the impalement of a juvenile loggerhead sea turtle by a swordfish during a fishing operation of a Brazilian longline vessel in 2018. Two videos of this interaction were recorded by the shipmaster around 260 km from the Brazilian coast. The sea turtle was incidentally caught with a hook and subsequently attacked by the swordfish. The rostrum initially pierced the anterior left shoulder of the turtle and passed through the body, exiting from the right posterior carapace. Given the position of the attack, considerable internal damage was most certainly done to the turtle. Although the turtle was hauled aboard to remove the hook and then returned to the sea alive, it probably died due to the extent of the injuries caused by the rostrum having passed through the center of the body. Since both swordfish and turtle are pelagic and these interactions are poorly recorded, such encounters may be relatively common. Therefore, this type of information should be included in the data collection protocols of fishery monitoring programs to better understand and scale the bill-stab phenomenon, not only for sea turtles but also in relation to other groups of fauna.

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Estratégia alimentar do espadarte (Xiphias gladius) no atlântico equatorial sudoeste.

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil

Feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil

Forage fauna in the diet of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the western tropical Atlantic Ocean

Beyond fishing: loggerhead turtle impalement by swordfish

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