Estradiol transdérmico e perfil lipídico: efeitos em um grupo específico de mulheres brasileiras pós-menopausadas

Background During myocardial damage, the sex hormone estrogen and CD73, the main enzyme that converts AMP into adenosine, are cardioprotective molecules. However, it is unclear how these two molecules work together to provide cardioprotection. The current study aimed to elucidate the interaction between estrogen and CD73 under chronic stress. Methods Ovariectomy and SHAM operations were done on FVB wild-type (WT) female mice. Two weeks after the operation, the mice were treated with daily isoproterenol (10 mg/kg/day) injections for 14 days. The effect of E2 on relevant cardiac injury biomarkers (BNP, ANP), myocardial morphology (cardiomyocyte surface area), electrocardiography, CD73 protein expression and activity, and macrophage (CD86 + and CD206 +) infiltrations were assessed. In vitro, H9C2 cells were treated with 1 nM of estrogen and 10 mM APCP (CD73 inhibitor α, β-methylene adenosine-5'-diphosphate), 10 µM isoproterenol and 20 µm LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) for 24 h and western blot was done to elucidate the mechanism behind the effect of estrogen on the CD73/adenosine axis. Results Estrogen deficiency during chronic catecholamine stress caused myocardial injury, thereby triggering the hyperactivity of the CD73/adenosine axis, which aggravated myocarditis, adverse remodeling, and arrhythmias. However, estrogen normalizes CD73/Adenosine axis via the upregulation of PI3K/Akt pathways to prevent adverse outcomes during stress. In vivo results showed that the inhibition of PI3K significantly decreased PI3K/Akt pathways while upregulating the CD73/adenosine axis and apoptosis. Conclusion Estrogen’s pleiotropy cardioprotection mechanism during stress includes its normalization of the CD73/Adenosine axis via the PI3K/Akt pathway.

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Effects of age, gender and physical activity on plasma lipid profile

Okęcka-Szymańska¹,

Hϋbner-Woźniak²,

Piątkowska³

et al. 2011

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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Effects of age, gender and physical activity on plasma lipid profile Study aim: To assess the effects of gender, age and engagement in physical activities of elderly subjects on their plasma lipid profiles. Material and methods: Four groups of subjects, n = 11 each, participated in the study: young men (YM) and women (YW), aged 25 - 32 years, and sedentary, elderly men (EM) and women (EW), aged 58 - 66 years; additionally, a group of 7 women (AW), aged 60 - 65 years, who trained twice weekly (45-min sessions) for 8 months, was studied. The following concentrations of lipids in plasma were recorded: triacylglycerols (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and its fractions: HDLC and LDLC (computed), as well as the TC/HDLC ratio. Results: Lipid profiles were, generally, less favourable in elderly than in younger subjects, high HDLC values noted in active, elderly women being an exception. In elderly subjects, men's profiles were closer to those of younger subjects than in elderly women and differed significantly (p<0.001) lower for TC and LDLC compared with EW group. Triacylglycerols were within normal limits in all groups except EW; LDLC values were mostly abnormally high, the percentages of subjects having normal values ranging from 0 (YM and EW) to 27% (YW). Conclusions: The age-dependent worsening of lipid profiles increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases in sedentary elderly subjects. On the other hand, the beneficial effects of motor activities on lipid profile observed in elderly women evidence the indispensability recommending of physical exercises to the elderly.

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Estradiol transdérmico e perfil lipídico: efeitos em um grupo específico de mulheres brasileiras pós-menopausadas

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

The effect of transdermal 17β-estradiol combined with norethisterone acetate treatment on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women: A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials

The effect of transdermal 17β-estradiol combined with norethisterone acetate treatment on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women: A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Estrogen downregulates CD73/adenosine axis hyperactivity via adaptive modulation PI3K/Akt signaling to prevent myocarditis and arrhythmias during chronic catecholamines stress

Effects of age, gender and physical activity on plasma lipid profile

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