Estimation of vapor pressures for nonpolar organic compounds by capillary gas chromatography

Bidleman, Terry F.

doi:10.1021/ac00277a051

Cited by 147 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It can also be seen from the data in Appendix Table 1 Table 1-2 to other direct measurements of H (Murphy et al, 1983), to predictions based on vapor pressure (Bidleman, 1984) and aqueous solubility (Chiou et al, 1983;MacKay et al, 1980a) measurements of the same congeners corrected to the super-cooled liquid reference state (Chiou et al, 1982(Chiou et al, , 1983, and predictions of H for average n-chlorine substituted PCBs based on the dependence of solubility and vapor pressure on the number of chlorine substituents (Bopp, 1983). There is up to a factor of ten difference among measured H and between measured H and H from predictions based on vapor pressures and solubilities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The solubilities and vapor pressures of individual chlorobiphenyls span approximately five orders of magnitude (Bruggeman et al, 1982;Bidleman, 1984). Relating distributions of total PCBs in the environment (or in laboratory experiments) to physical or chemical processes is analogous to measuring total bomb-fallout radionuclides.…”

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls As Model Hocmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have emphasized this fact and have made important progress in the use of PCBs as model HOC (Bopp, 1979;Bopp et al, 1981;Tanabe et al, 1982;Gschwend and Wu, 1985). Progress has also been made in obtaining chlorobiphenyl identifications (Duinker and Hillebrand, 1983;Mullin et al, 1984) and physical chemical property data (Bruggeman et al, 1982;Rapaport and Eisenreich., 1984;Bidleman, 1984;Burkhard et al, 1985).…”

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls As Model Hocmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of colloidal organic matter in the marine geochemistry of PCBs

Brownawell¹

1986

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WITHDRAWN AD -sT~i~Bñ~c i~tZ4-2-ABSTRACT Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used as model hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) to study physical-chemical processes which affect the speciation and fate of HOC in coastal environments. The focus of this study is on the sorption of PCBs with colloidal organic matter in seawater, and the influence of this process on the distribution of PCBs in coastal sediments. Laboratory and field experiments were used to make quantitative estimates of PCB-organic matter sorption, and to test predictions of three-phase equilibrium models.A static headspace partitioning method was developed to measure the sorption of several individual chlorobiphenyls with colloidal organic matter enriched from coastal seawater by hollow fiber ultrafiltration. This technique directly measured the dissolved phase fugacity of PCBs in experimental bottles, and avoided uncertain separation techniques often used in isolating various chemical phases. Colloidal organic carbon normalized partition coefficients (Koc) were determined from linear sorption isotherms, and increased from 1.9 x 10' (L/Kg) for 2,4'-dichlorobiphenyl to 3.5 x 10 s for 2,2',3,4,5'-pentachlorobiphenyl. Sorption tended to increase with increasing octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) of the sorbate, and values of Koc were within a range of those reported in other experimental sorption studies with sediments and dissolved humic substances. Experimental partitioning results support the hypothesis that HOC-organic colloid sorption is similar to HOC sorption by sediment organic matter.PCBs were measured in the interstitial waters and sediments of three box cores obtained from New Bedford Harbor and Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. The three sites studied had a wide range of sediment PCB concentrations, and reducing conditions provided environments containing high concentrations of colloidal organic matter. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total sediment organic carbon (TOC) were measured in two cores to test the role of organic matter on the observed partitioning of PCBs. PCB concentrations, particularly those of less soluble chlorobiphenyls, were highly elevated in interstitial waters compared to water column concentrations at all three sites. The measured apparent distribution coefficients (K'd) of individual chlorobiphenyls did not increase with hydrophobicity (Kow) and indicate that a large fraction of PCBs in interstitial waters must be sorbed to organic colloids. A three-phase equilibrium sorption model, in which dissolved PCBs are in a dynamic equilibrium with colloidal and sediment organic matter, accounts for many aspects of the field data. There is good agreement of observed partitioning at New Bedford Station 67 and Buzzards Bay Station M with model calculations based on predictions derived from laboratory experiments of HOC sorption with sediments and organic colloids, but model calculations underpredict K'd at Station 84 in New Bedford Harbor.-3-The sediment-interstitial water results were contrasted with a study of PCB pa...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls As Model Hocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls As Model Hocmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of colloidal organic matter in the marine geochemistry of PCBs

Brownawell¹

1986

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“…GLC has several advantages over the other methods. It can be used for compounds at low concentrations and GLC tolerates relatively impure compounds [5]. It is based on the use of relative retention times on a nonpolar stationary phase and isothermal conditions such that the compound's retention time is directly related to its vapour pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the measurement of a single GLC retention parameter, the value of the activity coefficient is required [6]. In a first version of the GLC method [5,[7][8][9] this problem is solved by using one reference compound with known vapour pressure and structurally similar to the compound studied. The test compound's vapour pressure is determined from changes in the relative retention time with temperature and the known vapour pressure of the reference at the pertinent temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatographic determination of liquid vapour pressure and heat of vaporization of tetrachlorobenzyltoluenes

Haelst

Wielen

Govers

1996

Journal of Chromatography A

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Polyhalogenated Biphenyls

2023

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This chapter is intended to provide a detailed weight of evidence scientific review on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs). Notably, PCBs are among the most thoroughly studied chlorinated persistent organic pollutants to date; despite their discontinued commercial production in the 1970s, their environmental persistence and widespread distribution continue to garner research attention regarding potential impacts on human health. Due to the voluminous literature pertaining to exposure and toxicology of PCBs, for practical purposes, this chapter was written to capture the scientific highlights of greatest import with respect to knowledge on exposures and toxicological properties of these compounds.

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Estimation of vapor pressures for nonpolar organic compounds by capillary gas chromatography

Cited by 147 publications

References 27 publications

The role of colloidal organic matter in the marine geochemistry of PCBs

The role of colloidal organic matter in the marine geochemistry of PCBs

Gas chromatographic determination of liquid vapour pressure and heat of vaporization of tetrachlorobenzyltoluenes

Polyhalogenated Biphenyls

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