Estimation of Thermal Properties of Straw-Based Insulating Panels

Czajkowski, Łukasz; Kocewicz, Robert; Weres, J.; Olek, Wiesław

doi:10.3390/ma15031073

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The thermal performances were quantified using the ISOMET 2114 equipment (Manassas, VA, USA) and consisted of the determination of thermal conductivity [W/mK], thermal diffusivity [m 2 /s], and volume heat capacity [J/m 3 K]. The ISOMET 2114 is a portable measuring instrument designed for the direct measurement of the heat transfer properties of a wide range of isotropic materials, from soils to thermal insulation materials [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. It is possible to equip two types of measurement probes: needle probes for soft materials and surface probes for hard materials.…”

Section: Materials Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Characteristics of Clay for Efficient Rammed Earth Wall Construction

Petcu,

Dobrescu,

Dragomir

et al. 2023

Materials

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This case study focuses on twelve compacted clay soil samples to understand their fundamental physical and thermal properties. For each sample, the density, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and drying shrinkage were assessed. The identification and characterisation of the materials were also carried out by positioning them into the ternary diagram based on the percentage of sand, silt, and clay. These properties are definitive for the performance characteristics of materials used in rammed earth wall construction. The aim is to provide information for better knowledge and prediction regarding the dynamic heat flow in rammed earth walls. Experimental results show a relatively wide range of values for each property, reflecting the diverse properties of the sampled clays. The thermophysical characteristics of the 12 types of earth analysed showed correlations with reports in the literature in terms of density (1490–2150 kg/m3), porosity (23.22–39.99%), specific heat capacity (701–999 J/kgK), and thermal conductivity (0.523–1.209 W/mK), which indicates them as materials suitable for use in the construction of rammed earth walls. Using test data, a dynamic assessment of heat flow through simulated rammed earth walls was performed. For a better understanding of the results obtained, they were compared with results obtained for simulations where the building element would be made of concrete, i.e., a mineral wool core composite. Thus, heat flux at the wall surface and mass flux, respectively, during the 16 years of operation showed similar evolution for all 12 types of clay material analysed, with small variations explained by differences in thermophysical characteristics specific to each type of S1–S12 earth. In the case of walls made from clay material, there is a stabilisation in the evolution of the water content phenomenon by the 5th year of simulation. This contrasts with walls made of concrete, where the characteristic water content appears to evolve continuously over the 16-year period. Therefore, it can be said that in the case of the construction elements of existing buildings, which have already gone through a sufficient period for the maturation of the materials in their construction elements, the rammed earth wall quickly develops a moisture buffer function. In the case of simulating a mineral wool core composite wall, it cannot perform as a temperature or humidity buffer, exhibiting an enthalpy exchange with indoor air that is only 4% of that of the rammed earth walls; consequently, it does not play a significant role in regulating indoor comfort conditions. Overall, there is confirmation of the temperature and moisture buffering capabilities of rammed earth walls during both warm and cold periods of the year, which is consistent with other reports in the literature. The findings of this research provide a better insight into clay as a material for rammed earth walls for more efficient design and construction, offering potential improvements regarding indoor comfort, energy efficiency, and sustainability. The data also provides useful information in the fields of architecture and civil engineering regarding the use of clay as an eco-friendly building material. The results emphasise the importance of thoroughly understanding the thermophysical properties of clay to ensure the efficiency of rammed earth construction.

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Section: Materials Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Characteristics of Clay for Efficient Rammed Earth Wall Construction

Petcu,

Dobrescu,

Dragomir

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…In this work, a transient method was adopted, considering the method reported by Antunes et al [33] and Liuzzi et al [20], as reported in Table 2. The transient method offers several benefits [53,54], in particular the smaller dimension of the testing area. This allowed performing the measurement in different parts of the surface of each sample, indicated in Figure 2a.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Wastes as Aggregates for Eco-Efficient Boards and Panels: Screening Tests of Physical Properties and Bio-Susceptibility

et al. 2022

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Screening tests were developed or adapted from RILEM recommendations, standards and past studies, and carried out to characterize some agro-industrial wastes and to assess their feasibility as aggregates for eco-efficient building composites. Spent coffee grounds, grape and olive press waste and hazelnut shells were used, as well as maritime pine chips as control material. Particle size distribution, loose bulk density, thermal conductivity and hygroscopicity properties were analysed. The selected bio-wastes did not show good thermal insulation properties if compared with some bio-wastes already studied and used for thermal insulation composites. Values of loose bulk density and thermal conductivity were between 325.6–550.5 kg/m3 and 0.078–0.107 W/(m·K); moisture buffering values higher than 2.0 g/(m2·%RH). Biological susceptibility to mould and termites were also tested, using not yet standardized methods. The low resistance to biological attack confirms one of the greatest drawbacks of using bio-wastes for building products. However, final products properties may be changed by adding other materials, pre-treatments of the wastes and the production process.

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“…The instrument is used to determine the thermal properties of different isotropic materials, including insulating ones, and is widely used in the literature for the determination of the thermal conductivity of building materials [65][66][67][68][69]. The ISOMET 2114 is a commercial portable microprocessor-controlled instrument for direct measurement of the thermal conductivity coefficient of materials and is equipped with two types of measurement probes: a needle probe (for unconsolidated and composite materials) and a surface probe (for solid consolidated and composite materials).…”

Section: Thermal Conductivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Gypsum-Based Plasters with Pistachio Shells for Eco-Sustainable Building

Fernandez,

Insinga,

Basile

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Agri-food waste represents a serious problem that can be overcome by converting it into added-value material for the production of plasters for green building; in fact, it can be used as a reinforcement additive in the building material industry. In this study, the performance of gypsum-based plasters with pistachio shell additives was evaluated. Before being used as additives for gypsum-based plasters, pistachio shells were ground at three different grain sizes in order to verify how grain size influences the performance of the material. Tests were then carried out on all the produced mortars to evaluate their chemical and physical characteristics, and interesting results regarding the mechanical resistance of some of the produced materials were obtained. The results showed that the addition of pistachio shells improved mechanical performance in all cases and that the best mechanical performance and water absorption by capillarity were achieved with the 0.5–2 mm pistachio grain size, while the best thermal conductivity was achieved with the 2–4 mm grain size. Summarizing, the best results were obtained with a pistachio shell granulometry of 0.5–2 mm, sand, and a water/gypsum ratio of 0.86–0.74.

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Estimation of Thermal Properties of Straw-Based Insulating Panels

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Thermophysical Characteristics of Clay for Efficient Rammed Earth Wall Construction

Thermophysical Characteristics of Clay for Efficient Rammed Earth Wall Construction

Bio-Wastes as Aggregates for Eco-Efficient Boards and Panels: Screening Tests of Physical Properties and Bio-Susceptibility

Comparative Evaluation of Gypsum-Based Plasters with Pistachio Shells for Eco-Sustainable Building

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