Estimation of the refractive index of diesel fuel+biodiesel blends

Nita, Irina; Geacai, Sibel; Neagu, Anisoara; Geacai, Elis

doi:10.2478/auoc-2013-0005

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In Figure 9 can be seen that as biodiesel concentration increased in the fuel blend, the refractive index decreased. The values are found within the rank reported in the literature [24,25]. The specific gravity increased linearly as the biodiesel concentration augmented in the fuel blend.…”

Section: Refractive Index and Specific Gravity Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Quality Assessment of Biodiesel Blends Proposed by the New Mexican Policy Framework

et al. 2017

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Nowadays, biodiesel is being promoted worldwide as a sustainable and alternative to diesel fuel. However, there is still a lack of a biodiesel market in Mexico. Hence, a new initiative to reform the Mexican biofuels framework by decree includes the production and use of biodiesel. This regulation can ensure and contribute to the development of the biodiesel market in Mexico. The initiative proposes to start from the B5.8 blend by the end of 2017 and reach the B10 by 2020. Therefore, the objective of the present work was the quality assessment of biodiesel blends proposed by the new Mexican policy framework. The techniques applied were Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, viscosity, higher heating value, thermogravimetric analysis, refractive index, acid number, specific gravity, flash point, and copper strip corrosion based on ASTM standards. The results indicate that the biodiesel and its blends B5.8 and B10 fulfilled relevant quality specifications established in the ASTM D6751 and EN14214 standards for fuels. However, the fuel blends presented a higher heating value (HHV) diminution. The experimental HHV percentages decrease for the mandatory mixtures compared to diesel were 2.29% (B10), and 0.29% (B5.8).

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Section: Refractive Index and Specific Gravity Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Quality Assessment of Biodiesel Blends Proposed by the New Mexican Policy Framework

et al. 2017

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“…2 diesel are estimated to be 1.4548 and 1.4650, respectively. 10 The results (Table 1) showed good agreement between student values and literature values, and confirm that the transformation was acceptable suggesting biodiesel samples are reasonably pure in content. The remaining refractive indices for conventional fuels were reported for comparative purposes only with the density being used to confirm product purity.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The literature values for biodiesel and No. 2 diesel are estimated to be 1.4548 and 1.4650, respectively . The results (Table ) showed good agreement between student values and literature values, and confirm that the transformation was acceptable suggesting biodiesel samples are reasonably pure in content.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

Comparative Analysis of Fuel Composition and Physical Properties of Biodiesel, Diesel, Kerosene, and Jet Fuel

et al. 2018

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Biodiesel is an important alternative fuel synthesized by the trans-esterification of vegetable oils, animal fats, and recycled greases. In this experiment, students prepared biodiesel through the base-catalyzed trans-esterification of several vegetable oils, which were subsequently analyzed in comparison with conventional petroleum-based fuels to assess their physical properties and to obtain a thermochemical profile. The experiment as described here could be employed by university faculty as a project in a major's level laboratory course, but we envision the ideal fit to be a module within an advanced or integrated laboratory course. Students completing the project gain valuable experience in chemical synthesis and in extensive product characterization and analysis. This project reinforces critical skills in isolation of pure products from complex mixtures and in the careful preparation of samples for chemical analysis. Finally, students are afforded the opportunity to compare theoretical predictions from chemical modeling in combination with GC−MS analysis with the practical results gained by performing bomb calorimetry.

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“…It was observed that the refractive index (RI) decreases as the biodiesel content increases for both experimental and predicted data. Figure 7 shows the variation of refractive index for the prepared biodiesel blends at 298 K and literature data at different temperatures (298-323 K) [23]. For a given biodiesel concentration, it was found that the refractive decreased as the temperature increased.…”

Section: Refractive Indexmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Off-Spec Canola Biodiesel Blending on Fuel Properties for Cold Weather Applications

2018

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Biodiesel is a renewable and reduced-emission alternative fuel produced mainly from the alcoholysis of vegetable oils and/or animal fats. It is mainly used in blends with diesel fuel to reduce emissions, enhance lubrication and lower sulfur content. Being able to accurately determine the physicochemical properties of blended fuel is important for optimal injection, combustion, and lubricating performance in diesel engines. Also, fuel properties vary as the ratio of biodiesel-diesel changes, affecting the final fuel quality. In this study, a wide range and narrow intervals of (0,2,4,6,8,10,12,15,18,20, 25, 35, 50, 75 and 100% by volume) off-quality canola-based biodiesel blends were prepared at ambient conditions and used to study the blended fuel properties (density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point and pour point). This is particularly important for examining the effect of a biodiesel content of more than 20%-the industry maximum blend content-on cold flow properties, fuel stability, energy value, and emissions. It was found that the kinematic viscosity and density increased linearly as the concentration of the biodiesel in the blend increases. The pour point and cloud point temperature showed a small increase up to 35% blending ratio and a rapid increase in temperature for biodiesel concentrations higher than 35%. Also, the flash point remained almost constant at an average value of 73 • C for blends less than 20%, above which the values for the flash point increased exponentially with biodiesel concentration. Furthermore, predictive correlations were developed for all tested fuel properties from regressing corresponding experimental data. All models exhibited excellent agreement with experimental data with an average absolute deviation of less than 5%.

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Estimation of the refractive index of diesel fuel+biodiesel blends

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Quality Assessment of Biodiesel Blends Proposed by the New Mexican Policy Framework

Quality Assessment of Biodiesel Blends Proposed by the New Mexican Policy Framework

Comparative Analysis of Fuel Composition and Physical Properties of Biodiesel, Diesel, Kerosene, and Jet Fuel

The Effect of Off-Spec Canola Biodiesel Blending on Fuel Properties for Cold Weather Applications

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