Estimation of the real-time infiltration rate using a low carbon dioxide concentration

Park, Sowoo; Choi, Pcl; Song, Doosam; Koo, Junemo

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102835

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We turned on three fans vigorously before leaving to achieve uniform CO2 concentrations in the test room. Infiltration and ventilation rates were estimated only using the indoor CO2 concentrations data above 1000ppm as recommended in Park et al's study [18] to prevent underestimation of estimates due to uncertainty in measurement data under extremely low concentration conditions. Whether the estimate is constant and reliable can be judged by the linearity of the regression equation ( − ̅ ) during the time range for an estimate.…”

Section: Measurement Set-up and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether the estimate is constant and reliable can be judged by the linearity of the regression equation ( − ̅ ) during the time range for an estimate. The estimates that satisfy R 2 ≥ 0.99 of ( − ̅ ) were selected for analysis as recommended in Park et al's study [18].…”

Section: Measurement Set-up and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, seven measurements with 10-minute intervals were used for calculating an estimate. Park et al quantitatively analyzed that estimates calculated with an hour of time ranges have lower than 20% uncertainty [28]. The 1-hour time ranges overlapped with 10-minute intervals within the estimation period.…”

Section: Measurement Set-up and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the low concentration level of occupantgenerated CO2 and short-term estimation periods can lead to much uncertainty in calculations. Some studies reviewed the associated principles, assumptions, and uncertainties [18,19,20,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Infiltration and Ventilation Rates in an Office Room with 145mm-Diameter Circular Openings using the Occupant-Generated Carbon Dioxide Tracer Gas Method

Seol¹,

Arztmann²,

Kim³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Natural ventilation in a building is an effective way to achieve acceptable indoor air quality. Ventilation dilutes contaminants such as bio-effluents generated by occupants, substances emitted from building materials, and water vapor generated by occupants' activities. In a building that requires heating and cooling, adequate ventilation is crucial to minimize energy consumption while maintaining healthy indoor air quality. However, measuring the actual magnitude of the ventilation rate, including infiltration through the building envelope and airflow through building openings, is not always feasible. In this study, the occupant-generated carbon dioxide (CO2) tracer gas decay method was applied to estimate the ventilation rates in an office room in Seoul, South Korea, from summer to winter. Using the method, real-time ventilation rates can be calculated by monitoring indoor and outdoor CO2 concentrations without injecting a tracer gas. 145mm-diameter circular openings on the fixed glass were used for natural ventilation in the test room. As a result, firstly, the indoor CO2 concentrations were used as an indicator to evaluate how much the indoor air quality deteriorated when all the windows were closed in an occupied office room compared to international standards for indoor air quality. Moreover, we found out the estimated ventilation rates varied depending on various environmental conditions, even with the same openings for natural ventilation. Considering the indoor and outdoor temperature differences and outdoor wind speeds as the main factors influencing the ventilation rates, we analyzed how they affected the ventilation rates in different seasons of South Korea. When the wind speeds were calm, the temperature difference played as a factor that influences the estimated ventilation rates. On the other hands, when the temperature differences were low, the wind speed was the primary factor. This study raises awareness about the risk of poor indoor air quality in office rooms that could lead to health problems or unpleasant working environments. This study presents an example of estimating the ventilation rates in an existing building. In the same way, the ventilation rate in an existing building can be simply estimated while using the building as usual, and appropriate ventilation strategies for the building can be determined to maintain desired indoor air quality.

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Section: Measurement Set-up and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Set-up and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Set-up and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Estimation of Infiltration and Ventilation Rates in an Office Room with 145mm-Diameter Circular Openings using the Occupant-Generated Carbon Dioxide Tracer Gas Method

Seol¹,

Arztmann²,

Kim³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In previous studies, the methods for evaluating natural ventilation can be divided into CO 2 tracer gas concentration decay method [ [19] , [20] , [21] ] and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation [ [22] , [23] , [24] ] to evaluate the relationship between the opening area and the problem of the ACH. However, in recent years, the hardware of computer equipment has been improved, and big data has also achieved good results in various fields, such as the application of machine learning in building energy [ 25 ], agriculture [ 26 ], medicine [ 27 ] and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the big data analysis and basic information from lecture Halls to predict air change rate

Hsu

Pan

et al. 2023

Journal of Building Engineering

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In situ air change rate estimation from metabolic CO2 measurement. Summer experimental campaign in a single-family test house

Schreck,

Rouchier,

Foucquier

et al. 2024

Building and Environment

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Estimation of the real-time infiltration rate using a low carbon dioxide concentration

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Estimation of Infiltration and Ventilation Rates in an Office Room with 145mm-Diameter Circular Openings using the Occupant-Generated Carbon Dioxide Tracer Gas Method

Estimation of Infiltration and Ventilation Rates in an Office Room with 145mm-Diameter Circular Openings using the Occupant-Generated Carbon Dioxide Tracer Gas Method

Using the big data analysis and basic information from lecture Halls to predict air change rate

In situ air change rate estimation from metabolic CO2 measurement. Summer experimental campaign in a single-family test house

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