Estimation of the Monthly Albedo of the Earth’s Atmosphere over Sokoto, Nigeria

Akpootu, D. O.; Iliyasu, Mukhtar Isah

doi:10.9734/acri/2017/33196

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The high temperatures during the rainy season are caused by dust and aerosol particles suspended in the atmosphere, which lowers the temperature and the amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth. This observation is in line with the study reported by Akpootu and Iliyasu (2017b). The radio refractivity has values of 343.6764 N-units during the wet season and 293.7686 N-units during the dry season, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Assessment of Tropospheric Radio Refractivity and Its Variation with Climatic Variables Over Zaria, Nigeria

Akpootu,

Aminu,

Nouhou

et al. 2024

dujopas

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To achieve optimal performances, radio link/system planning and design must take radio refractivity estimation very seriously. This study utilizes measured average daily temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure for forty-one-year period (1981–2021) obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) archives for Zaria (latitude 11.100 N, longitude 7.680 E) strategically located in Nigeria’s midland climate zone to calculate the monthly tropospheric radio refractivity and look into how it varies with other meteorological factors and radio refractive index. The percentage of the contribution of dry term (Ndry) and wet term (Nwet) to radio refractivity and refractivity gradient were investigated. The findings indicated that radio refractivity was higher during the rainy season (August) and lower’during the dry season (February), with a maximum mean value of 350.8733 N-units and a minimum mean value of 284.1975 N-units, respectively, found in those months. The wet term contributes to the significant fluctuation of the radio refractivity, whereas the dry term makes up 76.03% of the total value. The gradient of mean refractivity estimated for Zaria was found to be – 43.8709 N – units/km indicating super-refraction propagation condition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Assessment of Tropospheric Radio Refractivity and Its Variation with Climatic Variables Over Zaria, Nigeria

Akpootu,

Aminu,

Nouhou

et al. 2024

dujopas

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“…The study area adopted is Sokoto and has been described by Akpootu and Iliyasu (2017) as a dry Sahel surrounded by sandy savannah and isolated hills. Rainfall in Sokoto State just like other regions of Nigeria is dominantly controlled by the movement and pulsation of the Inter-Tropical Discontinuity (ITD) (Ilesanmi, 1971).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wet season in most parts of the state begins in May and could last to September or October. The harmattan, a dry, cold and fairly dusty wind is observed in the state between November and February (Akpootu and Iliyasu, 2017).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction and Performance Evaluation of Two Staged Three Bladed Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Energy Conversion System

Ohaji¹,

Musa²,

Momoh³

et al. 2023

FJS

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This study is intended to increase the rotor performance of the Savonius wind rotor, by increasing the numbers of blades of the already existing two blades Savonius vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) to three which was designed to increase the Savonius wind rotor performance. Two stage three bladed wind turbine system has been designed and constructed. The system was made up of six split drums which were welded together to form a concave shape to capture wind from all directions, with a shaft to pass through the midst of the welded drums which was then mounted on a tower of about 15 m high, which in turn will cause the rotor to rotate. This was then connected to a 12 V Generator. The wind turbine converts the kinetic energy available in the wind to produce electricity, using the Generator with output power of 60 W. The results obtained showed that the system was able to accept wind from any direction and commenced rotation as soon as the wind speed of 3.3 m/s (cut in) was available at the site. The minimum and maximum power outputs of 5.14 W and 13.34 W, corresponding to wind speeds of 7.2 m/s and 9.4.5 m/s were recorded respectively. Similarly, for a rotation per minute of 811 rpm a voltage of 7.14 V was generated. Hence for a two stages three blades Savonius the performance was 12.2 %, as against a single stage two blades Savonius whose performance was 7%, a deviation of 5.2 %.

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“…The results indicated that the highest albedo of 0.7 in August and the lowest of 0.5 in November were obtained. Akpootu and Iliyasu [1] The magnitude of the reflectance or albedo indicates the degree of the surface brightness and the amount of the global solar radiation reflected back to space. Thus, when the sky is relatively cloudless, albedo or reflection coefficient would be relatively small, therefore, more radiation would be available to solar energy devices on the Earth.…”

Section: Figure 3 Comparison Between Albedo For Gusau and Calabarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solar radiation data has been considered as an essential requirement to conduct feasibility studies for solar energy systems [1]. Among the renewable energy resources, only solar energy has the greatest potentiality, availability and is free from environmental of Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Estimation of the Earth’s Albedo and Its Variation with other Meteorological Parameters between two Tropical Stations in Nigeria

Akpootu¹,

Nnaemeka²,

Fagbemi³

et al. 2020

IJASRE

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Estimation of albedo is paramount in the evaluation of solar energy collectors, atmospheric radiative transfer and studies that relates to atmospheric thermal balance. This study, employed the shortwave solar energy balancing at the edge of the Earth's atmosphere to estimate and compare the variation of albedo for two locations, Gusau (Latitude 12.170N, Longitude 6.700E and altitude 463.9 m above sea level) and Calabar (Latitude 4.970N, Longitude 8.350E and altitude 61.9 m above sea level) situated across the Sahelian and Coastal climatic zones of Nigeria respectively using measured monthly mean daily meteorological parameter of global solar radiation obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) during the period of twenty two years (July 1983 -June 2005. The variation of albedo with clearness index, relative humidity and mean temperature were investigated. The variation of emitting Earth's surface temperature and maximum wavelength for each location were also investigated. The results in this study revealed that the estimated surface albedo depicts a direct opposite relationship with the clearness index, an inverse relationship with the emitting Earth's surface temperature and a direct relationship with the wavelength for the studied locations. The highest and lowest values of albedo simulated for Gusau was in the months of August and February with 0.4933 and 0.3270 respectively, while for Calabar are in the months of August and January with 0.6949 and 0.4218 respectively; the estimated albedo obtained for Calabar in this study are more than that of Gusau throughout the months for the period under investigation suggesting that as the location's latitude and global solar radiation increases the albedo or reflectance decreases. The variation of clearness index with albedo for Gusau suggests the availability of abundant global solar radiation throughout the months in the region while for Calabar revealed the availability of abundant global solar radiation only in the months of January, February and December. The emitting Earth surface temperature for Gusau ranged between 235.1297 K in August and 252.4133 K in February while for Calabar ranged between 207.1236 K in August and 243.0097 K in January, these values agrees closely to the standard emitting Earth surface temperature value (255.0000 K). The maximum emitting wavelength values for both locations revealed that the radiation is longwave and are found within the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The variation of relative humidity with albedo depicts almost a similar trend for both locations. The results showed that as albedo increases during the rainy season the mean temperature decreases.

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Estimation of the Monthly Albedo of the Earth’s Atmosphere over Sokoto, Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Assessment of Tropospheric Radio Refractivity and Its Variation with Climatic Variables Over Zaria, Nigeria

Assessment of Tropospheric Radio Refractivity and Its Variation with Climatic Variables Over Zaria, Nigeria

Construction and Performance Evaluation of Two Staged Three Bladed Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Energy Conversion System

A Comparative Study on Estimation of the Earth’s Albedo and Its Variation with other Meteorological Parameters between two Tropical Stations in Nigeria

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