Estimation of the effective mass thickness and effective atomic number of the test object material by the dual energy method

Nondestructive Quantification of Heavy Elements Through the Analysis of Beam Hardening Artifacts Using Double-Exposure X-ray Computed Tomography: A Theoretical Consideration

“…This is analogous to the advantages of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [25] compared to one-dimensional NMR, where using two dimensions significantly improves the ability to differentiate materials. However, a careful comparison between the image analysis methods proposed in this paper and the conventional double-exposure X-ray imagery [7,[26][27][28][29] should be performed in future. Additional directions for future research include the following four subjects.…”

Multimodal learning based threat detection in dual view, dual energy x-ray images

“…Only a limited number of studies address the direct detection of explosives, with the majority concentrating on categorizing materials into three main groups: organic, inorganic, and metal using Z ef f . 1,2 This categorization helps in segmenting the image as majority of non-concealed explosives belonging to the organic range. To detect the concealed explosives, Reza Hassanpour 3 employ a material removal algorithm as a preliminary image processing step.…”

A sorting method for coal and gangue based on surface grayness and glossiness

“…Additionally, the emissions can also pollute the surrounding environment with the rise of photoelectric technology, the X-ray transmission method, three-dimensional laser scanners, infrared thermal imaging, and other photoelectric technology based on the rapid development of coal gangue sorting research. Among the current study, the X-ray transmission method for gangue sorting technology is more mature (Osipov et al 2020;Kayalvizhi et al 2022). The use of dual-energy rays for gangue sorting is a method that effectively improves the efficiency of gangue sorting.…”