Estimation of the detachment rate in eroding rills in flume experiments using an REE tracing method

The characteristics of rill development and their effects on runoff and sediment yield under different slope gradients

“…Each soil layer was lightly compacted with a board and raked lightly before the next layer was packed to reduce the discontinuity between layers (Kinnell and Cummings 1993). The soil surface near the flume walls was placed slightly higher than in the middle of the flume in order to further minimize the walls' influence on the erosion process (Zhang et al 2008). The upper 30 cm of the flumes for the soil were packed to at a bulk density of 1.2-1.4 g cm -3 , according to the natural bulk density in the field.…”

Runoff erosion process on different underlying surfaces from disturbed soils in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

“…Many previous studies indicated that rill erosion would directly result in several to tens of times soil loss, compared to sheet erosion (Auerswald et al, 2009;Stefanovic and Bryan, 2009;Zhang et al, 2008) and its soil erosion could represent 70% of total erosion sediment on the slope (Govers and Poesen, 1988;Kimaro et al 2008). This was due to the facts that erosion rills could enhance both hydraulic erosion force and sediment transport ability by converging and capturing mostly runoff on the slope (Foster and Lane, 1987).…”

Response of soil detachment rate to the hydraulic parameters of concentrated flow on steep loessial slopes on the Loess Plateau of China

“…Different relationships of soil detachment by concentrated flow have been established to estimate the initiation and rates of erosion by scouring in rills (Foster & Meyer, ; Laflen et al, ; Wang et al, ; Zhang, Lei, et al, ; Zhang, Liu, et al, ). It has been established that detachment rate exhibits a logarithmic relationship with flow depth, bed slope, and the mean weight diameter of the aggregates (Nearing et al, ).…”