Estimation of stature from static and dynamic footprints

Estimation of Stature using footprints in an adult student population in Nigeria

“…Reel et al 3 reported that the highest correlations with stature were shown to be the heel-to-fourth print for the static group of footprints (r = 0.786, p < 0.01) and the heel-to-fifth toe print in dynamic footprints (r = 0.858, p < 0.01). In the present study, the highest correlations with stature for males were shown to be the T-1 length (r = 0.572, p < 0.001) for right and T-3 length (r = 0.605, p < 0.001) for left.…”

“…1 For better accuracy, stature estimation may be attempted only after the attainment of maturity. 2 Accurate estimation from known parameters is a fundamental aspect of science and is evident as emerging approach in the area of footprints and stature estimation; 3 because foot length displays a biological correlation with stature that suggests the latter might be estimated from foot or shoe prints. 4 Morphology of human feet is greatly influenced by combined effects of heredity and living style of man that determines the size and shape of feet and footprints.…”

Estimation of stature from foot outline in adult Malaysian Malayalee ethnics for forensic investigation

“…Stature can be estimated from anthropometric measurements of foot [11][12][13][14][15][16] , footprint [17][18][19][20][21] and foot outline because correlation exists between stature and foot/footprint/foot outline. The hard surfaces produce two-dimensional (2D) footprints while foot outline provides the size parameters of the fleshed bare foot and also represents the boundaries of the foot's impression in soft soil, mud, or any other substances that produces a three-dimensional (3D) footprint impression 26 .…”

Estimation of stature from foot outline (3D footprint) measurements in Ibans of East Malaysia by regression analysis

“…Foot impressions are found at crime scenes since offenders often remove their footwear, either to avoid noise or to gain better grip in climbing walls, etc, while entering or exiting 5 . Analysis of foot [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and footprints [13][14][15][16][17][18] help in estimation of an individual's stature because of the existence of a strong correlation between one's stature and foot/footprint length. The footprint provides the size dimensions of the foot's plantar surface actually touching the floor or hard surface, which produces a two-dimensional footprint impression.…”

“…The researchers cautioned that racial and cultural aspects of foot morphology must be considered while conducting the foot print study 22 . The people from different regions and races in a country bear different morphological features and hence a single formula cannot represent for all races or regions in a country [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . The researchers have concluded that toes-to-heel footprint/foot outline length in a foot impression has more reliability of prediction than from any other measurements, such as breadth at ball/heel and big toe breadth/length 4,[23][24][25][26][27][28] .…”