Estimation of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves in Multiple-Cycles Using Membrane and TDR System

Hong, Won Taek; Jung, Youngae; Kang, Seok Hyon; Lee, Jong Sub

doi:10.3390/ma9121019

Cited by 43 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Alternatively, time domain reflectometry (TDR) based on the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves has also been employed over the past few decades to estimate the water content [10]. Based on the difference between the dielectric constants of water (k water = 80) and other soil constituents (k air = 1, k solid = 3~7), a calibration relationship between the volumetric water content and the dielectric constant proposed by Topp et al [11] has been used [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Even for frozen soils, the volumetric water content can be easily estimated due to the low value of the dielectric constants of ice (k ice = 3.2) when compared to that of water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Water Content in an Active Layer Using Penetration-Type Time Domain Reflectometry

et al. 2018

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The moisture condition of the active layer in Arctic regions can induce severe problems, such as ground subsidence and frost heave. Thus, the water content in the active layer needs to be estimated using a light and portable in-situ testing device. In this study, a penetration-type time domain reflectometry (PTDR) device is developed for the estimation of volumetric water content in the active layer. The developed PTDR is applied at a site for an electrical resistivity survey to characterize the water distribution along a measurement line. A PTDR consists of a PTDR module, connecting rods, and a guide with a hammer. The PTDR module can determine the dielectric constant of a material from the measurement of the travel time of electromagnetic waves. Using remolded soil samples, the dielectric constants measured from the PTDR are calibrated with the volumetric water content. The PTDR calibration demonstrates that the dielectric constant increases with the water content. For the temperature of 0.1 to 15.2 • C, the travel time only slightly depends on the temperature variance. For field application, a PTDR is pressed into the ground and measures the electromagnetic waves and temperature with depth. The results of the field tests show that the volumetric water content measured by the PTDR increases with depth due to the impermeable layer located underneath the active layer. The electrical resistivity survey conducted at the same site provides the electrical resistivity profile for a long distance and shallow depth soils. Furthermore, the electrical resistivity survey and PTDR establish a significant correlation between electrical resistivity and water content. The PTDR developed in this study can be effectively used as an advanced in-situ testing method to estimate the water distribution in the active layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Water Content in an Active Layer Using Penetration-Type Time Domain Reflectometry

et al. 2018

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“…Previous studies have revealed that the relationship between the volumetric water content and relative permittivity can be expressed by a cubic polynomial equation [ 15 , 23 , 24 ]. In addition, as the relative permittivities of dry soils and ice are similar, this relationship has been used to estimate the unfrozen water content of frozen soils [ 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Characteristics of Sand–Silt Mixtures Subjected to Cyclic Freezing-Thawing-Repetitive Loading

Lee

Han

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Daily freezing-thawing-repetitive loading is a critical factor affecting soil stability. This study assesses the strength of sand–silt mixtures with various silt fractions (SFs) subjected to cyclic freezing-thawing-repetitive loading. Specimens with SF of 0–100% were prepared with a fixed relative density of 60%. The number of repetitive loadings (N) was 1, 100, and 1000 for each specimen with different SFs. After three cycles of freezing-thawing-repetitive loading, the specimens were frozen at −5 °C for the uniaxial compression test. Test results show that the change in relative density (∆Dr) increases with the increase in SF up to 30% and decreases as SF increases beyond 30% owing to the change in the void ratio. The volumetric unfrozen water content (θu) increases with the increase in both SF and N owing to the effect of the physicochemical characteristics of soils on small voids. Unconfined compressive strength of sand-dominant mixtures (SF ≤ 30%) is reinforced by ∆Dr. By contrast, for silt-dominant mixtures (SF > 30%), the unconfined compressive strength decreases with the increase in θu and N due to lubricant role and sands dispersion. Thus, the effects of SF and N should be considered for sand–silt mixtures that have a probability to undergo cyclic freezing-thawing-repetitive loading.

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“…The proportion of water from soil is usually estimated by using the soil-water characterization curve (SWCC) defined as the relationship between matric suction and the water content [1]. The matric suction represents the difference between pore-air and pore-water pressures which offer information about the amount of water and the energy state in liquid phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible and Irreversible Processes in Drying and Wetting of Soil

Bodale¹,

Stancu

2019

Materials

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In this article, we provide a detailed description of a modeling technique for the capillary hysteresis in a soil-like porous material based on a Generalized Preisach Model. The identification of the reversible and irreversible Preisach distributions was performed with the first-order reversal curve (FORC) diagram technique, which is very popular now in magnetism and in other areas of science to give a fingerprint of the studied system. A special attention was given to the evaluation of the reversible component. In this case, we used a set of data published in 1965 by Morrow and Harris which has been used as a reference by many other researchers since. The advantage of this approach is that the experimental FORC distributions can be described with analytical functions and easily implemented in the mentioned Preisach-type model. Our research is also focused on the development of a characterization tool for the soil using the soil-moisture hysteresis. The systematic use of scanning curves provides a (FORC) diagram linked to the physical properties of the studied soil. The agreement between the experimental data and the Preisach model using the set of parameters found through the FORC technique is really noticeable and gives a good practical option to the researchers to use a method with a strong predictive capability.

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Estimation of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves in Multiple-Cycles Using Membrane and TDR System

Cited by 43 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of Water Content in an Active Layer Using Penetration-Type Time Domain Reflectometry

Evaluation of Water Content in an Active Layer Using Penetration-Type Time Domain Reflectometry

Strength Characteristics of Sand–Silt Mixtures Subjected to Cyclic Freezing-Thawing-Repetitive Loading

Reversible and Irreversible Processes in Drying and Wetting of Soil

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