Estimation of Soil Trace Metal Bioavailability using Unbuffered Salt Solutions: Degree of Saturation of Polluted Soil Extracts

Lebourg, Annie; Sterckeman, Thibault; Ciesielski, Henri; Proix, Nicolas; Gomez, Alain

doi:10.1080/09593331908616678

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Released Pb could be also considered relatively significant. However, the determination of Pb availability by means of mild extractants is known to be limited since the soil contamination by Pb is constituted by insoluble lead compounds in the form of hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, and phosphates (28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heavy Metals Remobilization by Fractionation: Comparison of Leaching Tests Applied to Roadside Sediments

Pérez

López‐Mesas

Valiente

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The pollution emitted by traffic activities and road maintenance is an area of great interest as contaminants can be transported to roadside sediments and pose a risk to environmental and human health. In the presentwork, deposited pollution in roadside sediments has been assessed by sampling along a highly traveled highway in Barcelona and the surrounding area. The available amounts of the heavy metals was determined by applying different leaching tests and calculating the concentration enrichment ratio (CER) and the environmental concentration guideline values (ECG). To gain information on the heavy metals (HMs) fractionation, the sequential extraction scheme (SES), established by the Standard Measurement and Testing (SM&T), was implemented, and the results were compared with those obtained by single leaching tests. An anthropogenic enhancement of certain metals was observed after considering both the CER and ECG values. However, if only ECG values were considered, an overestimation of the anthropogenically enhanced pollutants was obtained due to disregarding geochemical and particle size variability. CER values provide a more realistic assessment by determining different levels of anthropogenic impact. Thus, CER values suggest a minimum anthropogenic apportion for metals such as Cd, Cr, and Ni, whereas different situations from significant to extreme anthropogenic contribution were observed for Zn, Pb, and Cu. These results have been complemented by other leaching tests that minimize the time-consuming environmental evaluation. In this study, HCI extraction produces suitable results for a quick screening since they correlate well with the corresponding SES: Cu(r2 = 0.798), Pb(r2 = 0.958) and Zn(r2 = 0.901). Mild extractants have been observed to be limited to highly polluted samples due to their low leaching power. The information obtained following this procedure helps to identify hazardous areas that need a remedial strategy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heavy Metals Remobilization by Fractionation: Comparison of Leaching Tests Applied to Roadside Sediments

Pérez

López‐Mesas

Valiente

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Available heavy metal concentrations were determined in 10 g of soil with 50 mL of CaCl 2 solution (0.01 M ) according to Lebourg et al (1996)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risks of Applying Sewage Sludge Compost to Vineyards

Korboulewsky¹,

Dupouyet²,

Bonin³

2002

J of Env Quality

118

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Biosolids are applied to vineyards to supply organic matter. However, there is concern that this practice can increase the concentration of macronutrients and heavy metals in the soil, some of which can leach. We evaluated the environmental hazard of sewage sludge compost applied in March 1999 at 10, 30, and 90 Mg ha-1 fresh weight in a vineyard in southeastern France. Soil organic matter increased in all plots by 3 g kg-1 18 mo after the amendment. Neither total nor available heavy metal concentrations increased in the soil. Mineral nitrogen (N) in the topsoil of amended plots of 10, 30, and 90 Mg ha-1 increased by 5, 14, and 26 kg (NO3(-)-N + NH4(+)-N) ha-1, respectively, the first summer and by 2, 5, and 10 kg (NO3(-)-N + NH4(+)-N) ha-1, respectively, the second summer compared with controls. At the recommended rate, risks of N leaching is very low, but phosphorus (P) appeared to be the limiting factor. Phosphorus significantly increased only in plots amended with the highest rate in the topsoil and subsoil. At lower rates, although no significant differences were observed, P added was greater than the quantities absorbed by vines. In the long run, P will accumulate in the soil and may reach concentrations that will pose a risk to surface waters and ground water. Therefore, although the current recommended rate (10 Mg ha-1) increased soil organic matter without the risk of N leaching, total sewage sludge loading rates on vineyards should be based on P concentrations.

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confidence: 99%

“…The fraction of soil metal that can be taken up by plants (i.e., the bioavailable fraction) (Singh and Rakipov, 1988) is most often estimated with chemical extractions that are routinely used in soil testing (Lebourg et al, 1996). Many chemical extractants (CaCl 2 and other dilute salts, DTPA [diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid] and EDTA [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid]) have been used to identify the portion of metals in the soil that is the most readily available (Beckett, 1989; Lebourg et al, 1996). Such chemical extractions can hardly account for the various, complex processes that are involved in the acquisition of metals by plants (Marschner, 1995; McLaughlin et al, 1998; Hinsinger, 2001), and are thus not satisfactory for estimating soil metal bioavailability to plants.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Biotest for Evaluating Copper Bioavailability to Plants in a Contaminated Soil

Chaignon

Hinsinger

2003

J of Env Quality

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This work aimed at defining the optimal conditions for a novel ecotoxicological test designed for evaluating the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of metals to plants. This biotest, which provided easy access to roots, shoots, and rhizosphere soil, was applied to a vineyard calcareous soil that had been contaminated by the application of Cu fungicides. A preliminary hydroponic experiment comparing various levels of solution Cu concentration enabled us to determine the no observable adverse effects concentration (NOAEC), which was in the range 5 to 20 microM total Cu (0.01-0.06 microM free Cu ion) for rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Goeland). For the biotest, rape was grown in hydroponic conditions for 21 d in pots designed so that plants developed a planar mat of roots at the surface of a polyamide mesh. By then, the plants were transferred for 4 or 8 d onto a 1- or 3-mm-thick soil layer that was separated from the root mat by the mesh and connected to a reservoir of nutrient solution or deionized water via a filter paper wick. An 8-d period was the best option as it enabled plant growth to be significant. The use of 1-mm soil thickness was recommended if the biotest aimed at investigating root-induced changes in the rhizosphere. Although it may cause some artifacts, compared with deionized water, nutrient solution provided better standardized conditions for comparing widely differing soil samples. The studied soil did not induce any Cu phytotoxicity in spite of its fairly large total Cu content.

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Estimation of Soil Trace Metal Bioavailability using Unbuffered Salt Solutions: Degree of Saturation of Polluted Soil Extracts

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Heavy Metals Remobilization by Fractionation: Comparison of Leaching Tests Applied to Roadside Sediments

Assessment of Heavy Metals Remobilization by Fractionation: Comparison of Leaching Tests Applied to Roadside Sediments

Environmental Risks of Applying Sewage Sludge Compost to Vineyards

A Biotest for Evaluating Copper Bioavailability to Plants in a Contaminated Soil

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