Estimation of seismic quality factor: Artificial neural networks and current approaches

Seismic Attenuation From Ambient Noise Across the North Sea Ekofisk Permanent Array

“…Seismic attenuation has been shown to be variable even when there are no discernible changes in seismic velocity or density (Yıldırım et al, ) and so provides independent information about subsurface heterogeneity. Estimating attenuation is therefore useful in a number of settings: for example, in engineering when analyzing ground conditions and strength, Q can give an indication of soil saturation, the effective stress state, inherent and stress induced anisotropy, and cementation (Oelze et al, ; Priest et al, ; Rodríguez‐Pradilla, ; Xia, ).…”

“…It can be used as an indicator of the presence of hydrocarbons (Carcione, ; Dasgupta & Clark, ; Dvorkin & Mavko, ) or for correcting seismic data to improve resolution when using standard imaging techniques (Zhang & Ulrych, ). Q is particularly useful in the characterization of rock and fluid properties and is sensitive to a number of factors, such as disruption in the medium due to faults, fractures, and weathering, which all act to reduce Q (Rodríguez‐Pradilla, ; Rubino et al, ), porosity and pore fluid parameters, temperature, density, pressure, lithology, and others (Gei & Carcione, ; Prasad & Manghnani, ; Quan & Harris, ; Sain et al, ; Yıldırım et al, ). When used in addition to seismic velocity analysis, Q can provide complimentary information on rock properties (Ekanem et al, ; E. Liu et al, ; Maultzsch et al, ; Quan & Harris, ), and Prasad and Manghnani () found that Q was more sensitive than compressional wave seismic velocity to effects of pore pressure and pore space deformation.…”

“…This is important to correct seismic data amplitudes for near-surface effects, to locate subsurface voids or porosity, to aid seismic interpretation, or for characterizing other rock and fluid properties. Seismic attenuation can be variable even when there are no discernible changes in seismic velocity or density (Yıldırım et al, 2017(Yıldırım et al, , https://doi.org/10.1016(Yıldırım et al, /j.jappgeo.2016) and so provides independent information about subsurface heterogeneity. This study uses ambient noise recordings made on the Ekofisk Life of Field Seismic array to estimate Q structure in the near surface.…”

“…Our results suggest that there is a nonlinear relationship between Q and compression. They also may explain why it has been found that in the period range of 1 to 2 s considered here, ambient noise cross correlations along paths that span the North Sea Basin are unreliable: Such Q values would attenuate almost all ambient seismic energy during such a traverse.Seismic attenuation has been shown to be variable even when there are no discernible changes in seismic velocity or density (Yıldırım et al, 2017) and so provides independent information about subsurface heterogeneity. Estimating attenuation is therefore useful in a number of settings: for example, in engineering when analyzing ground conditions and strength, Q can give an indication of soil saturation, the effective stress ALLMARK ET AL.…”

Resistivity and Seismic Refraction Studies on Kısıklı Landslide (Antalya, Turkey)

“…Therefore, relatively low cost and noninvasive geophysical methods provide new deals for promptly survey of large areas and produce detailed information about the landslide internal structure [8][9][10]. Vertical electrical sounding (VES/one-dimensional resistivity) and seismic refraction from field geophysical exploration methods are widely used to investigate the landslide area [11][12][13][14][15][16]. The success of the resistivity method is connected directly to the electrical resistivity contrast of different lithological units (clay, marl, limestone and etc [13,[17][18][19].…”