Estimation of Representative Area-Level Concentrations of Particulate Matter(PM<sub>10</sub>) in Seoul, Korea

Song, Insang; Kim, Sun‐Young

doi:10.11108/kagis.2016.19.4.118

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This nationwide prediction model was developed in a universal kriging framework including summary predictors of more than 300 geographic variables and spatial correlation based on air quality regulatory monitoring data for 2001–2015 in South Korea. The South Korean regulatory monitoring network included a total of 294 sites in 2010, located in about 60% of districts [ 26 ]. The model showed moderate performance with cross-validated R 2 of 0.45, which is comparable with R 2 s of 0.37–0.62 in the nationwide PM 10 models in the U.S., Europe, and Asia [ 27 – 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model showed moderate performance with cross-validated R 2 of 0.45, which is comparable with R 2 s of 0.37–0.62 in the nationwide PM 10 models in the U.S., Europe, and Asia [ 27 – 30 ]. Using predicted annual-average concentrations at census tract centroids, we computed an average concentration in each district as individual-level exposure, because address information in the NHIS-NSC is limited to the district level for confidentiality [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incident cardiovascular disease and particulate matter air pollution in South Korea using a population-based and nationwide cohort of 0.2 million adults

et al. 2020

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Background While many studies reported the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution (PM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), few studies focused on incidence with relatively high-dose exposure using a nationwide cohort. This study aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 and incidence of CVD in a nationwide and population-based cohort in South Korea where the annual average concentration of PM2.5 is above 20 μg/m3. Methods We selected 196,167 adults in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) constructed based on the entire South Korean population. Incidence of four CVD subtypes including ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke, and total CVD including all four was identified as the first diagnosis for 2007–2015. To assess individual exposures, we used annually-updated district-level residential addresses and district-specific PM concentrations predicted by a previously developed universal kriging prediction model. We computed individual-level long-term PM concentrations for four exposure windows: previous 1, 3, and 5 year(s) and 5 years before baseline. We applied time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of incident CVDs per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 and PM2.5 after adjusting for individual- and area-level characteristics. Results During 1,578,846 person-year, there were 33,580 cases of total incident CVD. Average PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations for the previous 5 years were 52.3 and 28.1 μg/m3, respectively. A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposed for the previous 5 years was associated with 4 and 10% increases in the incidence of total CVD (95% confidence interval: 0–9%) and IHD (4–16%), respectively. HRs tended to be higher with earlier exposure for IHD and more recent exposure for stroke. The estimated shape of the concentration-response relationship showed non-linear patterns. We did not find evidence of the association for PM10. Conclusions Using a population-based nationwide cohort exposed to relatively high PM concentration, this study confirmed the association between PM2.5 and CVD incidence that was reported in previous studies mostly with low-dose environments. The magnitude and the shape of the association were generally consistent with previous findings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incident cardiovascular disease and particulate matter air pollution in South Korea using a population-based and nationwide cohort of 0.2 million adults

et al. 2020

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“…As of the year 2010, there were approximately 300 air quality monitoring sites nationwide in South Korea. However, approximately 40% of the districts do not contain any monitoring sites within the area [28]. Using hourly measurements, we computed annual average concentrations at each site, using the inclusion site criteria that excluded temporally or seasonally running sites [27].…”

Section: Data Type and Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-Based Visualization of Scientific Research Findings: National-Scale Distribution of Air Pollution in South Korea

Park

Song

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: As scientific findings of air pollution and subsequent health effects have been accumulating, public interest has also been growing. Accordingly, web visualization is suggested as an effective tool to facilitate public understanding in scientific evidence and to promote communication between the public and academia. We aimed to introduce an example of easy and effective web-based visualization of research findings, relying on predicted concentrations of particulate matter ≤ 10 µg/m3 (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) obtained from our previous study in South Korea and Tableau software. Our visualization focuses on nationwide spatial patterns and temporal trends over 14 years, which would not have been accessible without our research results. Methods: Using predicted annual average concentrations of PM10 and NO2 across approximately 250 districts and maps of administrative divisions in South Korea during 2001–2014, we demonstrate data preprocessing and design procedures in the Tableau dashboard, comprising maps, time-series plots, and bar charts. Results: Our visualization allows one to identify high concentration areas, a long-term temporal trend, and the contrast between two pollutants. The application of easy tools for user-interactive options in Tableau suggests possible easy access to the scientific knowledge of non-experts. Conclusion: Our example contributes to future studies that develop the visualization of research findings in further intuitive designs.

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“…Geographical variables that largely contributed to the prediction model included characteristics of land use, demography, and emissions [ 19 ]. Subsequent work provided an approach to estimate district-level population-representative PM 10 concentrations which allowed us to assess air pollution effects using administrative health data with area-level individual addresses, such as that derived from the NHIS-NSC, in South Korea [ 20 ]. Based on these two previous studies, we predicted annual average concentrations of PM 10 at 83,463 centroids of residential census output areas in South Korea each year from 2002 to 2006, and computed an average in each district.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This point-wise prediction model was the first attempt to estimate air pollution concentrations at any location in South Korea [ 19 ]. A follow-up study suggested an approach to compute district-level population-representative air pollution concentrations, which could be applied to epidemiological studies, using administrative health data with district-level addresses [ 20 ]. These methods facilitate assessing national-scale associations of air pollution in South Korea, including approximately 40% of districts in the year of 2010 without any regulatory monitoring sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Mortality in a South Korean National Cohort: Comparison across Different Exposure Assessment Approaches

Kim

2017

IJERPH

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Increasing numbers of cohort studies have reported that long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with mortality. However, there has been little evidence from Asian countries. We aimed to explore the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 µm (PM10) and mortality in South Korea, using a nationwide population-based cohort and an improved exposure assessment (EA) incorporating time-varying concentrations and residential addresses (EA1). We also compared the association across different EA approaches. We used information from 275,337 people who underwent health screening from 2002 to 2006 and who had follow-up data for 12 years in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Individual exposures were computed as 5-year averages using predicted residential district-specific annual-average PM10 concentrations for 2002–2006. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of non-accidental and five cause-specific mortalities per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM10 using the Cox proportional hazards model. Then, we compared the association of EA1 with three other approaches based on time-varying concentrations and/or addresses: predictions in each year and addresses at baseline (EA2); predictions at baseline and addresses in each year (EA3); and predictions and addresses at baseline (EA4). We found a marginal association between long-term PM10 and non-accidental mortality. The HRs of five cause-specific mortalities were mostly higher than that of non-accidental mortality, but statistically insignificant. In the comparison between EA approaches, the HRs of EA1 were similar to those of EA2 but higher than EA3 and EA4. Our findings confirmed the association between long-term exposure to PM10 and mortality based on a population-representative cohort in South Korea, and suggested the importance of assessing individual exposure incorporating air pollution changes over time.

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Estimation of Representative Area-Level Concentrations of Particulate Matter(PM₁₀) in Seoul, Korea

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Incident cardiovascular disease and particulate matter air pollution in South Korea using a population-based and nationwide cohort of 0.2 million adults

Incident cardiovascular disease and particulate matter air pollution in South Korea using a population-based and nationwide cohort of 0.2 million adults

Web-Based Visualization of Scientific Research Findings: National-Scale Distribution of Air Pollution in South Korea

Association between Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Mortality in a South Korean National Cohort: Comparison across Different Exposure Assessment Approaches

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Estimation of Representative Area-Level Concentrations of Particulate Matter(PM10) in Seoul, Korea

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Incident cardiovascular disease and particulate matter air pollution in South Korea using a population-based and nationwide cohort of 0.2 million adults

Incident cardiovascular disease and particulate matter air pollution in South Korea using a population-based and nationwide cohort of 0.2 million adults

Web-Based Visualization of Scientific Research Findings: National-Scale Distribution of Air Pollution in South Korea

Association between Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Mortality in a South Korean National Cohort: Comparison across Different Exposure Assessment Approaches

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Estimation of Representative Area-Level Concentrations of Particulate Matter(PM₁₀) in Seoul, Korea