Estimation of reduced walking speed using simple measurements of physical and psychophysiological function in community-dwelling elderly people: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Adachi, Takuji; Kamiya, Kohei; Kono, Yuji; Iwatsu, Kotaro; Shimizu, Yuko; Honda, Ikumi; Yamada, Sumio

doi:10.1007/s40520-018-0938-5

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The present findings confirmed those coming from another systematic review suggesting that the combination of various spatio-temporal parameters of gait may enhance the sensitivity and specificity of frailty risk prediction and classification. 30 Adachi and colleagues 126 showed how maximum step length also showed good predictive accuracy for usual walking speed < 0.8 m/s. Recently, Grande and colleagues, 127 in another review article, summarized the evidence concerning the association of slow gait speed with cognitive decline and dementia and discussed the possible shared pathways leading to cognitive and motor impairments, under the unifying hypothesis that body and mind are intimately connected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

How gait influences frailty models and health‐related outcomes in clinical‐based and population‐based studies: a systematic review

Bortone

Sardone

Lampignano

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Aging is often associated with a decline in physical function that eventually leads to loss of autonomy in activities of daily living (ADL). Walking is a very common ADL, important for main determinants of quality of life in older age, and it requires the integration of many physiological systems. Gait speed has been described as the 'sixth vital sign' because it is a core indicator of health and function in aging and disease. We reviewed original studies up to June 2020 that assessed frailty in both longitudinal and cross-sectional observational studies, paying particular attention to how gait is measured in older population and how the gait parameter adopted may influence the estimated frailty models and the health-related outcomes of the various studies (i.e. clinical, cognitive, physical, and nutritional outcomes). Eighty-five studies met the search strategy and were included in the present systematic review. According to the frailty tools, more than 60% of the studies used the physical phenotype model proposed by Fried and colleagues, while one-third referred to multi-domain indexes or models and only 5% referred to other single-domain frailty models (social or cognitive). The great heterogeneity observed in gait measurements and protocols limited the possibility to directly compare the results of the studies and it could represent an important issue causing variability in the different outcome measures in both clinical-and population-based settings. Gait appeared to be an indicator of health and function also in frail older adults, and different gait parameters appeared to predict adverse health-related outcomes in clinical, cognitive, and physical domains and, to a lesser extent, in nutritional domain. Gait has the potential to elucidate the common basic mechanisms of cognitive and motor decline. Advances in technology may extend the validity of gait in different clinical settings also in frail older adults, and technology-based assessment should be encouraged. Combining various gait parameters may enhance frailty prediction and classification of different frailty phenotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

How gait influences frailty models and health‐related outcomes in clinical‐based and population‐based studies: a systematic review

Bortone

Sardone

Lampignano

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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“…However, the risk of bias was uncertain for both models. Both models were evaluated in the same cohort by Adachi et al, which observed that a gait speed of <0.8m/s had an excellent discrimination (c statistic 0.91), and a gait speed of <1.0m/s had a good discrimination (c statistic 0.89) for the outcome mobility limitations at two years follow-up [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction models for functional status in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review

Grootven

Achterberg

2022

BMC Geriatr

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Background Disability poses a burden for older persons, and is associated with poor outcomes and high societal costs. Prediction models could potentially identify persons who are at risk for disability. An up to date review of such models is missing. Objective To identify models developed for the prediction of functional status in community dwelling older persons. Methods A systematic review was performed including studies of older persons that developed and/or validated prediction models for the outcome functional status. Medline and EMBASE were searched, and reference lists and prospective citations were screened for additional references. Risk of bias was assessed using the PROBAST-tool. The performance of models was described and summarized, and the use of predictors was collated using the bag-of-words text mining procedure. Results Forty-three studies were included and reported 167 evaluations of prediction models. The median c-statistic values for the multivariable development models ranged between 0.65 and 0.76 (minimum = 0.58, maximum = 0.90), and were consistently higher than the values of the validation models for which median c-statistic values ranged between 0.6 and 0.68 (minimum = 0.50, maximum = 0.81). A total of 559 predictors were used in the models. The five predictors most frequently used were gait speed (n = 47), age (n = 38), cognition (n = 27), frailty (n = 24), and gender (n = 22). Conclusions No model can be recommended for implementation in practice. However, frailty models appear to be the most promising, because frailty components (e.g. gait speed) and frailty indexes demonstrated good to excellent predictive performance. However, the risk of study bias was high. Substantial improvements can be made in the methodology.

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“…Three studies included other tests [41,69,91] to assess the predictive validity on mobility limitations, disability, and frailty.…”

Section: Other Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Validity of Motor Fitness and Flexibility Tests in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Marín-Jiménez

Cruz-León

Pérez‐Bey

et al. 2022

JCM

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Motor fitness and flexibility have been linked to several health issues. We aimed to investigate the predictive validity of motor fitness and flexibility tests in relation to health outcomes in adults and older adults. Web of Science and PubMed databases were screened for studies published from inception to November 2020. Two authors systematically searched, evaluated, and extracted data from identified original studies and systematic reviews/meta-analysis. Three levels of evidence were constructed: strong, moderate, and limited/inconclusive evidence. In total, 1182 studies were identified, and 70 studies and 6 systematic reviews/meta-analysis were summarized. Strong evidence indicated that (i) slower gait speed predicts falls and institutionalization/hospitalization in adults over 60 years old, cognitive decline/impairment over 55 years old, mobility disability over 50 years old, disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) over 54 years old, cardiovascular disease risk over 45 years old, and all-cause mortality over 35 years old; (ii) impaired balance predicts falls and disability in IADL/mobility disability in adults over 40 years old and all-cause mortality over 53 years old; (iii) worse timed up&go test (TUG) predicts falls and fear of falling over 40 years old. Evidence supports that slower gait speed, impaired balance, and worse TUG performance are significantly associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes in adults.

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Estimation of reduced walking speed using simple measurements of physical and psychophysiological function in community-dwelling elderly people: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Abstract: The results of this study suggest that MSL may serve as a simple surrogate indicator of UWS in elderly people.

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

How gait influences frailty models and health‐related outcomes in clinical‐based and population‐based studies: a systematic review

How gait influences frailty models and health‐related outcomes in clinical‐based and population‐based studies: a systematic review

Prediction models for functional status in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review

Predictive Validity of Motor Fitness and Flexibility Tests in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review

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