Estimation of rainfall inputs and direct recharge to the deep unsaturated zone of southern Niger using the chloride profile method

Bromley, John; Edmunds, W.M.; Fellman, E.; Brouwer, J.; Gaze, S.R.; Sudlow, J.; Taupin, Jean-Denis

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(96)03157-5

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has been suggested that monitoring the rainfall chloride input for a minimum of 3 years is necessary for reliable wet deposition estimates (Sukhija et al 1988;Edmunds and Gaye 1994;Bromley et al 1997). The wet chloride input in this study refers to the value used by other researchers in nearby areas because long-term rainfall chemistry monitoring was unavailable in the study area.…”

Section: Methods For Recharge and Chronology Calculation And Chloridementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the geochemical tracers in arid and semi-arid region unsaturated zones, chloride has been the most widely employed chemical marker (Scanlon et al 2006). The chloride mass balance (CMB) technique was usually used to estimate diffuse recharge in the past (e.g., Allison and Hughes 1978;Scanlon 1991;Edmunds and Gaye 1994;Bromley et al 1997;Ng et al 2009;Scanlon et al 2010). As part of regional hydrological cycles groundwater is under the control of the local climate (Chen et al 2004;Ali et al 2012) and changes in climate may alter the recharge process and subsequently impact groundwater resources (Jyrkama and Sykes 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater Diffuse Recharge and its Response to Climate Changes in Semi-Arid Northwestern China

Deng¹,

Wang²,

Cai³

et al. 2015

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Understanding the processes and rates of groundwater recharge in arid and semi-arid areas is crucial for utilizing and managing groundwater resources sustainably. We obtained three chloride profiles of the unsaturated-zone in the desert/loess transition zone of northwestern China and reconstructed the groundwater recharge variations over the last 11, 21, and 37 years, respectively, using the generalized chloride mass balance (GCMB) method. The average recharge rates were 43.7, 43.5, and 45.1 mm yr -1 , respectively, which are similar to those evaluated by the chloride mass balance (CMB) or GCMB methods in other semi-arid regions. The results indicate that the annual recharge rates were not in complete linear proportion to the corresponding annual precipitations, although both exhibited descending tendencies on the whole. Comparisons between the daily precipitation aggregate at different intensity and recharge rates reveal that the occurrence of relatively heavy daily precipitation per year may contribute to such nonlinearity between annual precipitation and recharge. The possible influences of vegetation cover alterations following precipitation change cannot be excluded as well. The approximately negative correlation between the average annual recharge and temperature suggests that changes in temperature have had significant influences on recharge.

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Section: Methods For Recharge and Chronology Calculation And Chloridementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Diffuse Recharge and its Response to Climate Changes in Semi-Arid Northwestern China

Deng¹,

Wang²,

Cai³

et al. 2015

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…However, it should be noted that the Cl concentrations obtained by elutriation may be a little higher than the true values, causing low estimates of recharge. The potential error is attributed to dilution effects of the extraction water, coupled with occlusion of some chloride in soil mineral structures (Bromley et al, 1997). The recharge rate contrasts with results from the Murray River Basin in Australia (Leaney & Allison, 1986;Cook et al 1989), where salt accumulates in the unsaturated zone and chloride background values are extremely high, too.…”

Section: Groundwater Recharge In Natural Landmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Gee & Hillel (1988) and Allison et al (1994) have listed several approaches for estimating groundwater recharge from natural rainfall and irrigation, and summarized the relative merits. The chloride ion, which is characterized by its conservation, low cost and being pollution-free, has been widely applied in groundwater recharge studies in arid and semi-arid regions (Bazuhair & Wood, 1996;Bromley et al, 1997;Scanlon et al, 2005). Previous studies have shown that many arid regions have experienced little or no direct recharge for millennia (Allison et al, 1990;Scanlon et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of chloride profile and water balance methods in estimating groundwater recharge in Luanjing Irrigation Area, Inner Mongolia / Application des méthodes du profil de chlorure et du bilan hydrique pour l'estimation de la recharge hydrogéologique dans le Périmètre Irrigué de Luanjing, Mongolie Intérieure

Liu

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2009

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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“…Nous avons également fait le calcul pour les valeurs extrêmes de Cl pluie (3 et 12 mg L -1 ). Une telle variabilité est courante dans les milieux semi-arides; ainsi, au Niger, (Bromley et al 1997) signalaient des teneurs moyennes d'une année variant de 0,3 à 1,4 mg L -1 en moins de 100 km. Les principaux résultats de ce calcul sont présentés dans le Tableau 2.…”

Section: Infiltration De La Pluieunclassified

Modalités de recharge d’un aquifère en zone semi-aride : cas de la nappe du Trarza (Sud-Ouest Mauritanie)

Mohamed

Marlin

Leduc

et al. 2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Means of groundwater recharge in a semi-arid area: example of the Trarza aquifer (southwest Mauritania) Abstract The Trarza aquifer extends over about 40 000 km 2 in southwestern Mauritania, between the Senegal River in the south, the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the Mauritanides metamorphic chain in the north and east. The Trarza aquifer lies in Continental Terminal and Quaternary sediments. The field investigations conducted between 2010 and 2012 significantly added to the few older measurements. The hydrodynamic and geochemical approaches showed that in this semi-arid area, the groundwater dynamics is influenced by many environmental changes, past and present (from Quaternary transgressions to the various dams regulating the Senegal River). Groundwater is mainly recharged by lateral infiltration of surface water of the Senegal River, and to a lesser extent, by rainfall infiltration. Groundwater mineralization is controlled by water-rock interactions with silicates and alumino-silicate minerals and is locally influenced by marine water resulting from past Quaternary transgressions. Evaporation strongly affects surface waters before and during their infiltration. Very preliminary calculations suggest an annual recharge of less than or equal to 5% of precipitation, i.e. about 5 to 10 mm.

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Estimation of rainfall inputs and direct recharge to the deep unsaturated zone of southern Niger using the chloride profile method

Cited by 57 publications

References 13 publications

Groundwater Diffuse Recharge and its Response to Climate Changes in Semi-Arid Northwestern China

Groundwater Diffuse Recharge and its Response to Climate Changes in Semi-Arid Northwestern China

Modalités de recharge d’un aquifère en zone semi-aride : cas de la nappe du Trarza (Sud-Ouest Mauritanie)

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