Estimation of rain attenuation at EHF bands for earth-to-satellite links in Bangladesh

Abstract

Abstract-Due to heavy congestion in lower frequency bands, engineers are looking for new frequency bands to support new services that require higher data rates, which in turn needs broader bandwidths. To meet this requirement, extremely high frequency (EHF), particularly Q (36 to 46 GHz) and V (46 to 56 GHz) bands, is the best viable solution because of its complete availability. The most serious challenge the EHF band poses is the attenuation caused by rain. This paper investigates the effect of the rain on Q and V bands' performances in Bangladeshi climatic conditions. The rain attenuations of the two bands are predicted for the four main regions of Bangladesh using ITU rain attenuation model. The measured rain statistics is used for this prediction. It is observed that the attenuation due to rain in the Q/V band reaches up to 150 dB which is much higher than that of the currently used Ka band. The variability of the rain attenuation is also investigated over different sessions of Bangladesh. The attenuation varies from 40 dB to 170 dB depending on the months. Finally, the amount of rain fade required to compensate the high rain attenuation is also predicted for different elevation angles.

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“…According to the figure, will be greater for lesser elevation angle ( ); such as, 1 > 3 for Earth station ( 1 ) to Satellite 1 and 2 as 1 < 2 . Slant Path Length ( ) can be calculated by using Equation 21 (Kanellopoulos, 2000;ITU-R, 2003a;Adhikari et al, 2011;Nuroddin et al, 2013;Lwas, et al, 2015;Shrestha, & Choi, 2017and Hossain & Islam, 2017;Fadilah, & Pratama, 2018) iii. Specific Attenuation ( ) Specific attenuation ( ) indicates the rain attenuation per unit distance ( / ).…”

“…Model of predicted rain attenuation also depends on the value of . Specific attenuation can be determined by using the powerlaw as presented in Equation 23 (Ippolito, 1986;Nuroddin et al, 2013;Kestwal, Joshi, & Garia, 2014;Hossain & Islam, 2017;RACOM, 2018;Fadilah, & Pratama, 2018;andChoi, 2017, 2019). Here, presents rainfall rate in per hour exceeded for 0.01% of the average year which can be calculated from Equation 24where is rainfall in , and is the time interval in minutes (Kestwal, Joshi, & Garia, 2014)…”

“…Rain height and the average height of Earth station ( ) above sea level are presented as and . Horizontal projection ( ) of slant path length is calculated based on Equation (22)(ITU-R, 2003a;Adhikari et al, 2011;Nuroddin et al, 2013;Hossain & Islam, 2017;Fadilah, & Pratama, 2018).…”

“…Concept of Slant Path and Slant Path Length ( ) as a function of Elevation angle ( ) and Rain height ( ) (ITU-R, 2003a;Adhikari et al, 2011;Nuroddin et al, 2013;and Hossain & Islam, 2017) …”

Full Issue

“…According to the figure, will be greater for lesser elevation angle ( ); such as, 1 > 3 for Earth station ( 1 ) to Satellite 1 and 2 as 1 < 2 . Slant Path Length ( ) can be calculated by using Equation ( 21) (Kanellopoulos, 2000;ITU-R, 2003a;Adhikari et al, 2011;Nuroddin et al, 2013;Lwas, et al, 2015;Shrestha, & Choi, 2017and Hossain & Islam, 2017;Fadilah, & Pratama, 2018). Rain height and the average height of Earth station ( ) above sea level are presented as and .…”