Estimation of postmortem interval in myocardial stab wounds and firearm injuries: An immunohistochemical comparative study using C5b-9 and cardiac Troponin C

Elazeem, Enas Awad Abd; Ismail, Mourad; Zaghloul, Hala Said; Selim, Assmaa O.; Gaballah, Mohammed Hassan; Oraby, Eman Elshahat Alsayed; Gaballah, Iman F.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110846

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…The samples used to estimate the PMI came from different organs, such as brain [ 38 , 39 , 42 ], thyroid [ 35 , 36 ], pancreas [ 34 , 37 , 38 ], gingival tissue [ 14 , 27 ], skin [ 44 ], heart [ 33 , 43 ], large intestine [ 45 ], female genital system [ 46 ], bone marrow [ 40 ], skeletal muscle [ 41 ], as well as lung and liver [ 42 ]. For these tissues, the various authors used different markers, without any overlap or repetition ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies [ 33 , 43 ] have focused on the histochemical study of the heart. Elazeem et al [ 43 ] performed IHC staining using anti-C5b-9 and anti-cardiac Troponin C (cTnC) antibodies on 70 corpses (20 from non-cardiac related fatalities and 50 deaths from firearms or stabbings resulting in heart trauma). A mild reaction to both markers was detected in all cases within 24 h after death.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the correlation between PMI and other variables, some authors highlighted that the IHC changes of tissues can also be influenced by individual factors and by the cause of death. Indeed, Tao [ 39 ], Elazeem [ 43 ], and Fais [ 14 ] have shown that the IHC changes that develop after death are different in trauma-induced deaths, when compared to control cases. Cho et al described specific markers to estimate the PMI in cases of drowning in murine models [ 72 ] with a PMI from 1 to 7 days, demonstrating that the IHC expression of the mRNA receptor of Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) gradually decreases as the PMI increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Trends in Immunohistochemical Methods to Estimate the Time since Death: A Review

et al. 2022

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The identification of a reliable and accurate post-mortem interval (PMI) is a major challenge in the field of forensic sciences and criminal investigation. Several laboratory techniques have recently been developed that offer a better contribution to the estimation of PMI, in addition to the traditional physical or physico-chemical (body cooling, lividity, radiocarbon dating, rigor mortis), chemical (autolysis), microbiological (putrefaction), entomological, as well as botanical parameters. Molecular biology (degradation pattern of macromolecules such as proteins, DNA, RNA), biochemical analysis of biological fluids (such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and vitreous humor), and immunohistochemistry are some of the most recent technological innovations. A systematic review of the literature was performed with the aim of presenting an up-to-date overview on the correlation between the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of specific antigenic markers at different PMIs. The systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Scopus and PubMed were used as search engines from January 1, 1998 to March 1, 2022 to evaluate the effectiveness of immunohistochemistry in estimating PMI. The following keywords were used: (immunohistochemical) OR (immunohistochemistry) AND (time since death) OR (post-mortem interval) OR (PMI). A total of 6571 articles were collected. Ultimately, 16 studies were included in this review. The results of this systematic review highlighted that IHC techniques, in association with traditional methods, add, in Bayesian terms, additional information to define a more accurate time of death and PMI. However, current IHC results are numerically limited and more data and studies are desirable in the near future.

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