Estimation of population fitness of parental races Drosophila nasuta nasuta and Drosophila nasuta albomicana and of the newly evolved Cytoraces I and II

Ramachandra, Nallur B.; Ranganath, H. A.

doi:10.1139/g88-011

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The three subspecies of orbital sheen complex are considered closely related since they are hybridizable among themselves to a certain degree. The clustering together of the subspecies of orbital sheen complex based on RAPD data is consistent with the earlier reports based on interspecific hybridization (Ramachandra and Ranganath, 1988), isozymes (Kanapi and Wheeler, 1970;Ramesh and Rajasekarsetty, 1980), courtship song (Shao et al, 1997) and male accessory gland proteins (Ram and Ramesh, 2001). All the three subspecies of orbital sheen complex were included in a major cluster in the phylogenetic trees derived from 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and CoI sequence data consistent with the morphophenotypic classification.…”

Section: Rapd Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

“…From the beginning of the pioneering work of Wilson et al, (1969), phylogeny of the nasuta subgroup has been extensively studied at various levels of organiEdited by Masatoshi Yamamoto * Corresponding author. E-mail: drosrang@sancharnet.in zations namely, morphophenotypes (Nirmala and Krishnamurthy, 1972), hybridization and hybrid sterility (Ramachandra and Ranganath, 1988), karyotypes (Ranganath and Hägele, 1981;Wakahama et al, 1983;Ranganath and Ushakumari, 1987;Rao and Ranganath, 1991), hybrid salivary chromosomes (Lambert, 1978;Rajasekarasetty et al, 1980), heterochromatin and satellite DNA (Ranganath et al, 1982;Ranganath and Ushakumari, 1987), isozymes and allozymes (Kanapi and Wheeler, 1970;Ramesh and Rajasekarasetty, 1980), glue proteins (Ramesh and Kalisch, 1989), courtship patterns (Tanuja et al, 2001), courtship song (Shao et al, 1997), mitochondrial DNA (Chang et al, 1989;Yu et al, 1999), and male accessory gland proteins (Ram and Ramesh, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogeny of the nasuta subgroup of Drosophila based on 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and CoI mitochondrial genes, RAPD and ISSR polymorphisms

2004

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The nasuta subgroup is a cluster of morphologically almost similar forms with a wide range of geographic distribution. During the last three decades nature of inter-relationship among the members has been investigated at different levels of organization. The phylogenetic relationships of the members of the nasuta subgroup of the immigrans species group of Drosophila was made by employing Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter Simple Sequence Repeats-PCR (ISSR-PCR) polymorphisms, mitochondrial 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (CoI) gene sequences. The phylogenetic tree generated by RAPD analysis is in nearly complete congruence with the classification based on morphophenotypic characters. The 12S and 16S rRNA genes were highly conserved across the nasuta subgroup and revealed only 3 and 4 variable sites respectively, of which only one site was informative. The CoI gene, on the other hand, revealed 57 variable sites of which 25 sites were informative. All the three species of orbital sheen complex were included in a major cluster in the phylogenetic trees derived from mitochondrial gene sequence data consistent with the morphophenotypic classification. The CoI analysis placed two species of frontal sheen complex, D. n. nasuta and D. n. albomicans in two different clades and this is inconsistent with morphological classification. The molecular clock suggested that divergence between the kohkoa complex and the albomicans complex occurred 2.2 MYA, indicating recent evolution of the nasuta subgroup. The higher transition bias in the mitochondrial genes reported in the present study also suggested recent evolution of the nasuta subgroup.

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Section: Rapd Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of the nasuta subgroup of Drosophila based on 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and CoI mitochondrial genes, RAPD and ISSR polymorphisms

2004

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“…Various investigators have contributed towards the understanding of measurements of population fitness and its components in natural and experimental populations of Drosophila [36-39]. The likelihood of establishing a new hybrid lineage depends in large part on its fitness in parental and /or divergent habitats [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also suggested considering this complex as an 'artificial hybrid zone' in the environs of laboratory. Earlier studies on cytogenetic differentiation [16,17], mating preference [22], sternopleural bristles number [23], body size [24], body weight [25] and abdominal bristles number [26] of parental races namely D. n. nasuta and D. n. albomicans as well as Cytorace 1 and Cytorace 2 have shown significant differences between parental races and Cytoraces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary experimentation through hybridization under laboratory condition in Drosophila: Evidence for Recombinational Speciation

Harini

Ramachandra

2003

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundDrosophila nasuta nasuta (2n = 8) and Drosophila nasuta albomicans (2n = 6) are a pair of sibling allopatric chromosomal cross-fertile races of the nasuta subgroup of immigrans species group of Drosophila. Interracial hybridization between these two races has given rise to new karyotypic strains called Cytorace 1 and Cytorace 2 (first phase). Further hybridization between Thailand strain of D. n. albomicans and D. n. nasuta of Coorg strain has resulted in the evolution of two more Cytoraces, namely Cytorace 3 and Cytorace 4 (second phase). The third phase Cytoraces (Cytorace 5 to Cytorace 16) have evolved through interracial hybridization among first, second phase Cytoraces along with parental races. Each of these Cytoraces is composed of recombined genomes of the parental races. Here, we have made an attempt to systematically assess the impact of hybridization on karyotypes, morphometric and life history traits in all 16 Cytoraces.ResultsThe results reveal that in most cases, the newly evolved Cytoraces, with different chromosome constitutions, exhibit decreased body size, better fitness and live longer than their parents. Particularly, Cytorace 5, 6 and 8 have evolved with very much higher range values of quantitative traits than the parents and other Cytoraces, which suggests the role of transgressive segregation in the evolution of these Cytoraces.ConclusionThus, the rapid divergence recorded in the chromosomes, karyotypes, body size and fitness traits of Cytoraces exhibit the early event of recombinational raciation / speciation in the evolution of the Cytoraces under laboratory conditions.

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“…All the biochemical experiments were carried out in synchronized flies used from isofemale line stocks. Synchronized eggs were collected from the Delcour technique as per the standard procedure [15]. Newly eclosed flies were segregated under mild anesthesia and then, flies were maintained in Shr-IV supplemented culture media and aged them for 30, 45 and 60 days.…”

Section: Culturing Of Fliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Shathavarin- Iv in Drosophila Melanogaster Under Oxidative Stress

K.V.

Ashadevi

2022

JASR

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Shathavarin-IV is a bioactive compound (a steroidal saponin) of Asparagus racemosus. We examined the antioxidant effects of Shathavarin-IV associated with LPO in Drosophila. The antioxidant efficacy of the compound was evaluated through the determination of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and LPO in the homogenate of the Shathavari-IV supplemented flies of D. melanogaster under stressed and non-stressed conditions. The oxidative stress was induced by paraquat exposure. All the analyses were carried out in males and females at two different concentrations of Shr-IV (1mg/ml and 10mg/ml of diet) fed groups. The induced oxidative stress by paraquat exposure was evidenced by significant declining in the level of SOD, CAT and G6PD with the increase in the level of LPO. In case of dose-I and dose-II pretreated flies, a significant diminishes in the level of LPO with significant increase of antioxidant enzymes were observed. The compound Shr-IV exhibited better level of protective ability in high dose treatment against the stress compared to low dose.

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Estimation of population fitness of parental races Drosophila nasuta nasuta and Drosophila nasuta albomicana and of the newly evolved Cytoraces I and II

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Molecular phylogeny of the <i>nasuta</i> subgroup of <i>Drosophila </i>based on 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and CoI mitochondrial genes, RAPD and ISSR polymorphisms

Molecular phylogeny of the <i>nasuta</i> subgroup of <i>Drosophila </i>based on 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and CoI mitochondrial genes, RAPD and ISSR polymorphisms

Evolutionary experimentation through hybridization under laboratory condition in Drosophila: Evidence for Recombinational Speciation

Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Shathavarin- Iv in Drosophila Melanogaster Under Oxidative Stress

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