Estimation of Negative Outcome Questionnaire

Haenen, Marie-Anne; Jong, Peter J. de; Schmidt, Anton J.M.; Stevens, Susan W.; Visser, Leny

doi:10.1037/t16236-000

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…of having an illness (i.e., the individual's concerns are out of proportion to the actual severity of the illness; Salkovskis, Rimes, Warwick, & Clark, 2002). Cognitive-behavioral models of health anxiety (i.e., Abramowitz, Schwartz, & Whiteside, 2002;Warwick & Salkovskis, 1990) posit that health anxiety develops as a result of maladaptive health-related beliefs (e.g., likelihood of developing an illness; Salkovskis & Warwick, 2001;Warwick, 1989;Warwick & Salkovskis, 1990) that predispose individuals to selectively attend toward, and catastrophically misinterpret, health-related information and somatic sensations (Haenen, de Jong, Schmidt, Stevens, & Visser, 2000;Owens, Asmundson, Hadjistavropoulos, & Owens, 2004). As a result, an individual who is high in health anxiety experiences significant and persistent levels of distress and worry about physical symptoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Emotion Reactivity in Health Anxiety

2017

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Emotion reactivity, defined as heightened sensitivity, intensity, and persistence of emotional states, has been shown to contribute to the exacerbation of anxiety. However, the association between emotion reactivity and health anxiety has yet to be examined. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the unique predictive ability of emotion reactivity in terms of health anxiety in a sample of medically healthy undergraduates ( n = 194; 59.3% female, M = 19.42, SD = 1.51, range = 18-26 years; 84.0% Caucasian). Findings indicated that, after controlling for the effects of gender, age, and anxiety sensitivity, greater emotion reactivity significantly predicted greater overall health anxiety (3.1% variance), as well as higher levels of affective (4.1% unique variance) and behavioral (4.8% unique variance) components. Findings suggest that experiencing emotions more frequently, intensely, and for longer durations of time prior to returning to baseline are associated with greater health preoccupations.

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Emotion Reactivity in Health Anxiety

2017

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“…In clinical practice, in addition to identifying patients with health anxiety based on physical sensation or health-related information, we may also need to pay attention to identifying patients who show interpretation bias regarding non-diseaserelated characteristics or who show signs of general anxiety. Second, most of the current intervention studies use the offline paradigm, which measures conscious processing, rather than unconscious processing, to evaluate change in interpretation bias (Haenen, de Jong, Schmidt, Stevens, & Visser, 2000;Luo et al, 2018;Rief, Hiller, & Margraf, 1998). Clinical intervention studies should combine the offline and online paradigms to more comprehensively measure the interpretation bias in health anxiety, which will further help to discover the intervention mechanism that may be involved in interpretation bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation bias in health anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Witthöft

Tao

et al. 2022

Psychol. Med.

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Interpretation bias (i.e. the selective negative interpretation of ambiguous stimuli) may contribute to the development and maintenance of health anxiety. However, the strength of the empirical evidence for this association remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to estimate the association between health anxiety and interpretation bias and to identify potential moderators of this association. Chinese-language databases (CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang), English-language databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus), and German-language databases (Psyndex and PubPsych) were searched for relevant studies. There were 36 articles (39 studies) identified by this search (N = 8984), of which 32 articles (34 studies) were included in the meta-analysis (N = 8602). Results revealed a medium overall effect size (g = 0.67). Statistically equivalent effect sizes were observed for patients diagnosed with clinical health anxiety (g = 0.58) and subclinical health anxiety (g = 0.72). The effect sizes for threat stimuli that were health related (g = 0.68) and not health related (g = 0.63) did not differ significantly. The effect size for studies using an offline paradigm (g = 0.75) was significantly higher than that for studies using an online paradigm (g = 0.50). It is concluded that health anxiety is significantly and robustly associated with interpretation bias. These findings are of central importance for the advancement of models and treatment of health anxiety.

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“…In examining patients' worries in greater detail, however, clear group differences emerged with regards to participants' descriptions of their feared consequences of having Lynch syndrome, with the high health anxious individuals speaking more frequently about their worries and describing their worries as more extreme (e.g., discussed dying from cancer as inevitable). Such group differences were expected given prior research showing catastrophic thinking patterns in those with high health anxiety (Hadjistavropoulos, Hadjistavropoulos, & Quine, 2000;Hitchcock & Mathews, 1992;Marcus, Hughes, & Amau, 2008;Rief, Hiller, & Margraf, 1998) and a propensity to overestimate the frequency and likelihood of serious illnesses (Haenen, de Jong, Schmidt, Stevens, & Visser, 2000;Marcus, 1999;Marcus & Church, 2003). Interestingly, individuals with high health anxiety also demonstrated a tendency to focus on the emotional consequences their family members would experience if they died from cancer, whereas those with low health anxiety spoke about their practical concerns (e.g., finances).…”

Section: The Impact Of Health Anxiety On Perceptions Of Selfmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…As emotional intensity was not assessed in the present study, this cannot be directly commented on. However, research examining the affect of individuals with health anxiety has noted higher amounts of negative affectivity in individuals diagnosed with the previous DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of hypochondriasis (Haenen et al, 2000;Watson et al, 1988) and has also found that a moderate to large relationship exists between general levels of emotional distress and health anxiety (Marcus et al, 2008;Marcus & Church, 2003). Therefore, it is possible that differences between the two subgroups would have emerged if the strength of the emotions were examined.…”

Section: The Impact Of Health Anxiety On Perceptions Of Passing Down Lynch Syndrome To Childmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining health anxiety among Lynch syndrome carriers

Albiani¹

2021

Preprint

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The current research was designed to examine health anxiety among individuals with Lynch syndrome; a genetic predisposition to adult onset cancers. This research had two aims: 1) To examine the severity of health anxiety in Lynch syndrome patients and identify predictors and consequences associated with health anxiety, and 2) To examine the additional impact health anxiety has on parents with Lynch syndrome. Two studies were conducted. In Study I, 209 individuals with Lynch syndrome, selected from a genetic cancer registry, completed self-report measures assessing health anxiety, medical and psychological variables, and medical service utilization. Results indicated that 30% of participants reported clinically significant levels of health anxiety. Regression analyses revealed that younger age, greater depression, anxiety, worry interference and emotional preoccupation coping were predictive of increased health anxiety. Increased health anxiety was associated with greater overall medical service utilization; specifically, visits to gastroenterologists and emergency departments. In Study II, purposive sampling was used to identify parents from Study I who reported the highest and lowest health anxiety. Twenty-one individuals completed semi-structured telephone interviews about their experience of being a parent with Lynch syndrome, their concerns of potentially passing down the genetic mutation to their children, and their perceptions of their children’s health. Qualitative content analysis using a template coding approach was used to examine the differences between parents with high and low health anxiety. Findings revealed that the most prevalent difference was in relation to parent’s perceptions of their personal health. Those with high health anxiety experienced worries that were more extreme, demonstrated a hypervigilance towards physical symptoms, discussed the emotional and psychological consequences of Lynch syndrome as more negative and severe, and had a tendency to engage in more dysfunctional coping strategies. Unexpectedly, with regards to their perceptions of their children, the parents in the high and low health anxiety groups exhibited similar worries. Taken together, the findings from Studies I and II suggest that health anxiety is of clinical significance for individuals with Lynch syndrome. Accurately identifying and treating health anxiety among this population may be one avenue to reduce the distress experienced by Lynch syndrome carriers.

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Estimation of Negative Outcome Questionnaire

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Emotion Reactivity in Health Anxiety

The Role of Emotion Reactivity in Health Anxiety

Interpretation bias in health anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Examining health anxiety among Lynch syndrome carriers

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