Estimation of LiBr-H2O Using Multimode Interference (MMI)

Abstract

We use multimode interference (MMI) as an alternative optical technique to estimate lithium bromide (LiBr) concentration, of the work pair LiBr-H 2 O, in absorption heat pumps (AHP). The sensing element is a singlemodemultimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber optic structure. This is fabricated by splicing a precisely dimensioned multimode fiber (MMF) section between two singlemode fibers (SMFs). The operation principle is based on the multimode interference (MMI) effect occurring in the MMF section. For that purpose, different concentrations of the mixture were prepared (from 44.30% to 60.69%) to study their optical response. The input field profile entering the sensing element, which is the naked (no cladding) MMF section of the SMS fiber structure, produced different transmitted intensity responses for each of these concentrations. Thus the optical characterization of the mixture was used to establish a mathematical relation to estimate the LiBr concentration. A linear fit for solutions with concentrations ranging from 43.30% to 50.87% and refractive indices between 1.421 and 1.439 is demonstrated.

Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

“…Multiple NCFs can also be cascaded for multi-point RI measurement [63] and for use with high RI liquids using a leaky mode approach [64]. SNCS fiber structures have also been used as sensors to distinguish fresh and degraded turbine gearbox lubricant oil [65] and to detect the presence of the refrigerant LiBr-H2O [66].…”