Estimation of involuntary excreta ingestion rates in farmers during agricultural practices in Vietnam

Vu, Tu Van; Pham, Phuc Duc; Winkler, Mirko S.; Zurbrügg, Christian; Zinsstag, Jakob; Tran, Bich Huu; Nguyen-Viet, Hung

doi:10.1080/10807039.2018.1478274

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The data used for the starting concentrations of Ascaris suum in the lime treated pit latrine and the corresponding persistence data for Ascaris suum and fecal coliforms in the pit latrine all come from one study from Ethiopia ( Endale et al., 2012 ). The exposure to excreta for farmers was taken from a study from Vietnam that estimated involuntary ingestion of excreta ( Van Vu et al., 2018 ; Table 1 ). The resulting median annual probability of infection with Ascaris suum when assessed using the persistence values for fecal coliforms during lime latrine treatment is 0.00 as compared to 0.11 when using the persistence values for Ascaris suum.…”

Section: Indictors Miss the Mark When Predicting Health Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why pathogens matter for meeting the united nations’ sustainable development goal 6 on safely managed water and sanitation

et al. 2021

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Highlights Indicator organisms do not tell the whole story for the safety of water and sanitation systems. Considering only fecal indicator groups may provide a falsely reduced sense of risk. Consideration of pathogens matters for meeting SDG6.

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Section: Indictors Miss the Mark When Predicting Health Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why pathogens matter for meeting the united nations’ sustainable development goal 6 on safely managed water and sanitation

et al. 2021

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“…Utilization of wastewater is common in agriculture and aquaculture, 1 though contact with wastewater from livestock farms, communities, and agricultural fields can pose a risk to human and animal health. 2 - 6 Potential health risks derive from the presence of harmful bacteria and antimicrobial residues in the wastewater, which can result in infection and promote antimicrobial resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Antibiotic Residues and Pathogens Flow in Wastewater from Smallholder Pig Farms to Agriculture Field in Ha Nam Province, Vietnam

Pham-Duc

Nguyen-Viet

Luu-Quoc

et al. 2020

Environ�Health�Insights

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Background: Contact with livestock wastewater on farms and in communities can pose a risk to human and animal health. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 180 households and 24 pig farms (96 wastewater samples) to explore information about pig production, livestock waste management, antibiotic use, and to analyze antibiotic residues and microbial contamination, respectively. Results: Of the 120 households raising pigs, biogas systems were the most commonly used to treat animal waste (70%), followed by compositing (19%), and the remaining respondents discharged waste directly into drains or ponds (11%). The majority of respondents (78%) used antibiotics to treat and prevent disease in pigs, but 32% of them did not know of any disadvantages of antibiotic abuse. ELISA assays were performed on half of the wastewater samples (n = 48), demonstrating that residues of flouroquinolones and sulfonamides were present in 6.3% (3/48) and 22.9% (11/48) of tested samples, respectively. The average residual level of sulfamethazine was 27.8 ug/l. Further, E. coli concentrations exceeding regulatory levels in Vietnam were found in nearly all samples. Salmonella spp. was also found in 57.3% of samples, though prevalence rates varied across the different sites. Finally, G. lamblia was found in 8.4% of samples, and C. parvum was found in 5.2% of samples. Conclusions: This study suggests that livestock wastewater carried potential harmful pathogens and antibiotic residues that could come into contact with humans in the community. Thus, appropriate operation and application of livestock wastewater treatment (such as biogas or composting) and management should be a continued focused.

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“…In a rural agricultural community in Ha Nam Province, where wastewater and excreta are commonly used in agriculture, a cross-sectional survey of 1425 people showed that 47% were infected with at least one of three soil-transmitted helminth (STH) species. In the same community, it was estimated that farmers ingested around 91 mg of excreta per year from agricultural excreta handling practices, a risk factor for STH infections [11]. Rural farmers who reused fresh excreta were also 1.24 times more likely to be infected with any STHs than those who did not handle excreta [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Agricultural Intensification a Growing Health Concern? Perceptions from Waste Management Stakeholders in Vietnam

et al. 2018

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This article characterizes the health risk perceptions toward excreta and wastewater management practices among waste management stakeholders in Vietnam and explores the implications of such perceptions on hygiene behaviors and preventative actions. Key informant interviews (n = 19; 12 women and 7 men) were conducted with farmers, community leaders, researchers, and government representatives in Hanoi and Ha Nam Province. Interviews were audio-recorded with permission, transcribed, and analyzed using a constant comparative method and qualitative thematic analysis. Researchers and government representatives perceived that the lack of knowledge of safe waste management practices among farmers was responsible for the use of “outdated” and often “unsafe” waste management practices. However, many farmers were aware of the health risks and safe hygienic practices but felt that safety measures were impractical and viewed susceptibility to diseases as low risk. Farmers also identified unfavorable climate and working conditions, limited financial capacity, and limited farm space as barriers to adopting safe management practices. At the broader level, inadequate communication between ministries often led to the creation of inconsistent waste management regulations. These barriers create constraints on efforts to improve sustainable waste management practices. Promoting collaboration between sectors, encouraging farmer-to-farmer knowledge sharing, and designing and implementing risk communication strategies that account for risk perceptions of stakeholders are recommended.

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Estimation of involuntary excreta ingestion rates in farmers during agricultural practices in Vietnam

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Why pathogens matter for meeting the united nations’ sustainable development goal 6 on safely managed water and sanitation

Why pathogens matter for meeting the united nations’ sustainable development goal 6 on safely managed water and sanitation

Understanding Antibiotic Residues and Pathogens Flow in Wastewater from Smallholder Pig Farms to Agriculture Field in Ha Nam Province, Vietnam

Is Agricultural Intensification a Growing Health Concern? Perceptions from Waste Management Stakeholders in Vietnam

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