Estimation of in vivo toxicity of MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles synthesized by eco-friendly non-thermal plasma technology

Abstract

MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles were synthesized using the atmosphere plasma jets technique. The physical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were investigated by a series of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and EDS analyses confirmed the purity of the nanoparticles synthesized with an average nanoparticle crystallite size of 36 nm. TEM confirmed the successful synthesis of spindle-shaped MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles with an average size of 70 nm. To evaluate their toxicity, the MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles were tested in vivo. Twenty-five albino female rats were randomly divided into five groups (five rats in each group); one was used as the control group and the other four as the experimental groups. Doses of the MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles solution were orally administered to the test groups to examine the toxicity. For 30 consecutive days, each rat in test groups 2–5 received 1 mL of the MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles solution at the respective doses of 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg L −1 . The rats’ growth, hematology, thyroid gland function, and histopathology were examined after 30 days. Findings indicate that the growth retardation in the rats treated with MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles may be due to their infection by Hyperthyroidism . The hematology results show the nonsignificant effect of MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles on white blood cells, implying that these nanoparticles have no harmful impact on the immune system. Moreover, the levels of the thyroxine and thyroid‐stimulating hormones increased, and that of the triiodothyronine hormone decreased. The histological analysis results show that low concentrations of MgO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles are safe for desired biomedical applications.

Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanostructures by Ar Plasma Jet and Study of Their Structural and Optical Properties

“…As shown in Figure (1), the experimental setup for the fabrication of CuO nanostructures consisted of a high voltage DC power supply (20 kV), an argon gas cylinder, flowmeter, and two electrodes: a stainless steel tube as the cathode, and a copper foil (purchased from the british drug houses Ltd./london, Manufactured in England, 652247/470611) as the anode. The Cu foil was immersed in a glass beaker containing 5 ml of deionized water.…”

“…In recent years, non-thermal plasma applications have developed significantly to include biomedical devices, biological materials, and material technologies [1]. The Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets (APPJs) are non-thermal plasmas with high electron and low gas temperatures.…”

Histological, haematological, and thyroid hormones toxicity of female rats orally exposed to CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles synthesized by Ar plasma jets

“…Our previous study (Mohammed et al 2022a , b ) reported the synthesis of CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles with argon plasma jets.…”

“…In the last few years, the field of non-thermal plasma has expanded significantly. The topic of chemical interactions between non-thermal plasma and liquids attracted the attention of researchers due to its potential medical and economic benefits (Rumbach et al 2013 ; Mohammed et al 2022a , b ). Recently, nanomaterial (NM) synthesis through plasma–liquid interactions (PLIs) is a new branch of plasma research that has grown rapidly.…”

Green Synthesis of KO Nanoparticles by Cold Plasma and Study of Their Properties for Antibacterial Applications

“…Using physical and chemical methods, nanoparticles of different materials have been created. Different techniques, such as pulsed laser deposition, thermal decomposition, hydrothermal procedures, sol-gel preparation, chemical coprecipitation, etc., may be used to create nanoparticles (Mohammed et al, 2022a;Abbasalipourkabir et al, 2015). Traditional methods have been used for years to generate NPs, but research has shown that green approaches are more effective and cheaper, with fewer failures and easier characterization.…”