Estimation of Genetic Variability of Autochthonous Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Multivariate Analysis

Abstract

This study was conduct to evaluate the morphological variability of 23 autochthonous wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) part of the base collection of the Gene Bank (Agricultural University of Tirana). Crop production is strongly related with genetic diversity within germplasm and its improvement. Various statistical techniques have been used to study diversity among different genotypes. Among these techniques multivariate is most frequently used one for the genetic association of genotypes. Principal components and cluster analysis were carried out involving quantitative traits, such as tiller capacity, plant height, spike length, number of spikelet per spike, number of seeds per spikelet, seed size, weight of seeds per spike and seed yield. According to PCA, three components exhibited about 67.15% of the variability within 23 wheat genotypes. Accessions were grouped into three major clusters based on Euclidean distance, suggesting a variance of 41.72% within classes and 58.28% between classes. Accessions with major level of dissimilarity between them were AGB 3071 (Univers 6) and AGB 3064 (IKBA_05). The results suggested that plant height, spike length, number of spikelet per spike and weight of seeds per spike were the most important characters in differentiating the genotypes. The use of principal component and correlation coefficient analysis in the wheat germplasm, simplify dependable classification of genotypes, the identification of the superior genotypes and their relation with morphological traits with possibility expenditure in breeding programs.

Performance of potential parents for a rainfed tropical wheat breeding program

“…In working with multi-trait selection, knowledge of the genetic correlation between traits assists in the definition of selection strategies to be adopted. Genetic correlation was positive among all the traits, but of low magnitude, ranging from 0.11 (HGT -W1000) to 0.34 (HGT -HW), corroborating that reported by Xhulaj and Koto (2022). The environmental correlations among all the traits were positive and of low magnitude, ranging from 0.06 (HW -W1000) to 0.28 (HGT -GY).…”

Interdependence Relationships Between the Productivity Elements in Wheat Ear and the Photosynthetic Pigments in Leaves in Relation to Their Position on the Stem

“…Significant positive correlations, between the number of grains in the spikelet and the number of grains in the ear (r=0.607), and the weight of the grains in the spikelet (r=0.573) were also reported in other comparative analysis studies of some wheat genotypes (Xhulaj Bode and Koto, 2022), in studies on the main components in the formation of wheat production (Nazarenko et al, 2021), or in studies on the relationship with fertilization (Rawashdeh and Sala, 2016;Ma et al, 2022).…”

Peculiarities of Forming Productivity and Quality of Soft Spring Wheat Varieties

“…Realization of genetic potential of grain productivity and quality of modern spring wheat varieties is an important reserve for the growth of grain production (Нolik and Kabatsiura, 2012;Xhulaj et al, 2022). Among the varieties of different ecological and geographical origin, the maximum yield will be provided only by those genotypes which are well adapted to the conditions of one or another soil-climatic growing zone in terms of their ability to form productivity and adaptability and fully correspond to it by their parameters.…”