“…Researchers have demonstrated the prediction of fungal biomass through Multiphase Artificial Neural Network (MANN) model during the lag, log, and stationary growth phase. The result indicates successful prediction of nonlinear features of fed-batch bioreactors via the MANN model [77]. Monitoring transient state performance using ANN has been shown to offer a better approach for controlling variables [78].…”
Typical bioprocess comprises of different unit operations wherein a near optimal environment is required for cells to grow, divide, and synthesize the desired product. However, bioprocess control caters to unique challenges that arise due to non-linearity, variability, and complexity of biotech processes. This article presents a review of modern control strategies employed in bioprocessing. Conventional control strategies (open loop, closed loop) along with modern control schemes such as fuzzy logic, model predictive control, adaptive control and neural network-based control are illustrated, and their effectiveness is highlighted. Furthermore, it is elucidated that bioprocess control is more than just automation, and includes aspects such as system architecture, software applications, hardware, and interfaces, all of which are optimized and compiled as per demand. This needs to be accomplished while keeping process requirement, production cost, market value of product, regulatory constraints, and data acquisition requirements in our purview. This article aims to offer an overview of the current best practices in bioprocess control, monitoring, and automation.
“…Researchers have demonstrated the prediction of fungal biomass through Multiphase Artificial Neural Network (MANN) model during the lag, log, and stationary growth phase. The result indicates successful prediction of nonlinear features of fed-batch bioreactors via the MANN model [77]. Monitoring transient state performance using ANN has been shown to offer a better approach for controlling variables [78].…”
Typical bioprocess comprises of different unit operations wherein a near optimal environment is required for cells to grow, divide, and synthesize the desired product. However, bioprocess control caters to unique challenges that arise due to non-linearity, variability, and complexity of biotech processes. This article presents a review of modern control strategies employed in bioprocessing. Conventional control strategies (open loop, closed loop) along with modern control schemes such as fuzzy logic, model predictive control, adaptive control and neural network-based control are illustrated, and their effectiveness is highlighted. Furthermore, it is elucidated that bioprocess control is more than just automation, and includes aspects such as system architecture, software applications, hardware, and interfaces, all of which are optimized and compiled as per demand. This needs to be accomplished while keeping process requirement, production cost, market value of product, regulatory constraints, and data acquisition requirements in our purview. This article aims to offer an overview of the current best practices in bioprocess control, monitoring, and automation.
“…Moreover, the model can be integrated with dynamic soft sensors to facilitate online process operation. 69 This integration enables real-time monitoring and control of the system, offering valuable feedback for process adjustments and ensuring efficient and stable operation.…”
Understanding the hydrodynamic behavior
of irregular-shaped
particles
is vital for optimizing fluidized bed systems. In this study, the
effect of binary and ternary biomass mixtures of silica sand in a
gas–solid fluidized bed on pressure drop (ΔP/H) profiles was investigated experimentally as
a function of superficial gas velocity (U
g). It was observed that using a mixture of particles increases the
overall complexity of the system. The experimental results were also
used to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The five
dimensionless parameters were used to train the network with the expected
output of the ΔP/H profiles.
The statistical analyses were used to compare the performance of the
model between one and two hidden layers. The results showed that the
ANN model with only one hidden layer could accurately predict the
fluidization behavior with an R
2 of 0.95.
“…[12][13][14] With the development of artificial intelligence and computer technology, machine learning algorithms represented by artificial neural networks (ANNs) [15] and support vector regression (SVR) [16] have played an important role in the soft sensors of batch processes based on data-driven modelling methods. Murugan and Natarajan [17] proposed a multiphase-ANN-based soft sensor to predict the biomass concentration of the Trichoderma-fed batch fermentation process. Yuan et al [18] built a prediction model using a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network for the penicillin concentration of the penicillin fermentation process.…”
The online measurement of key quality variables based on soft sensors plays a critical role in ensuring the safety and stability of batch processes. Recently, the relevant vector machine (RVM) was introduced into soft sensors for batch processes. However, the RVM-based soft sensor has limitations in addressing the time-varying, high-dimensional, and dynamic data of batch processes. To address these issues, based on improved just-in-time learning and the relevant vector machine, an adaptive soft sensor, termed IJITL-RVM, is proposed in this paper. The IJITL-RVM integrates the IJITL algorithm and the RVM algorithm into a unified online modelling framework with the ability to perform adaptive updating and dynamic modelling. First, to enhance the performance of online prediction, an IJITL is designed to select modelling data based on the support vector data description (SVDD) algorithm and the kernel trick. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the strong nonlinearity and high dimensionality of process data, the IJITL can adaptively and accurately select the modelling data. Afterward, a local model is established by using the RVM for online prediction. Three applications, including a numerical simulation example, some UCI datasets, and a penicillin fermentation process, are provided to illustrate the superiority of the IJITL-RVM-based soft sensor.
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