Estimation of Fluoride in Different Types of Commercially Available Wine

Abstract

Winemaking or wineification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. Studies have shown that In terms of types of alcoholic drinks, the highest fluoride levels were determined in beers and wines, while the lowest levels were observed in vodkas. These data confirm the fact that alcoholic beverages need to be considered as a significant source of fluoride delivered into the body.The aim of the study is to estimate the amount of fluoride in different types of commercially available wine in India. Seven samples were collected from various sources in Chennai. The samples are Shiraz red wine, Merlot red wine, Chenin white wine, Chardonnay sauvignon blanc white wine, Rose wine, Sparkling wine and Fortified wine. The samples were collected using sterile containers in Chennai. Each sample was collected around 100 ml. and the fluoride testing was done by SPADNS APHA 23rd edition 2017-4500 FBD. Only the two samples of red wine had 0.4 mg/L and 0.2 mg/L respectively and others had below detection level of fluoride where detection level is 0.1 mg/L.The present study shows that there is permissive amount of fluoride in some type and brands of wines commercially available in India. Even though it is in permissive amounts, and can be used as anti-cariogenic it can cause erosion if used excessively. Therefore wine drinking should be reduced or kept in minimal amounts.