Estimation of energy expenditure by a portable accelerometer

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the extent to which parents' degree of dietary self-control, as measured by self-reported dietary restraint, disinhibition, and perceived hunger, affects the development of excess body fat in the child. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SUBJECTS: Ninety-two 3 ± 5 y old children and their parents, enrolled in 1987 in the Framingham Children's Study. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported levels of parental dietary restraint, disinhibition and perceived hunger were estimated using Stunkard and Messick's Three-Factor-Eating Questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight and skinfold measurements at ®ve sites) were obtained yearly for children and parents. The child's activity level was measured on multiple days each year using Caltrac accelerometers. Energy intake and percentage of calories from total fat were estimated from multiple sets of food diaries, collected each year. All analyses were adjusted for the following potential confounders: child's sex and baseline values for age, height, mean physical activity level, total calories and percentage of calories from fat as well as the educational levels of the parents at baseline. RESULTS: Over 6 y, children's body fat increased linearly with increasing levels of self-reported parental disinhibition (eg 6 y increase in the child's sum of ®ve skinfolds was 34.4, 45.8 and 59.2 mm across increasing tertiles of parental disinhibition, P 0.012). Overall, children whose parents had higher dietary restraint scores had greater increases in body fatness than children whose parents had the lowest levels of restraint. When both parents had above average scores on dietary disinhibition or restraint, the children had greater increases in body fat (on all anthropometry measures) than when only one parent or when neither parent had high scores on those factors. Parental scores on the perceived hunger scale had no clear effect on body fat change of children. Since disinhibition and dietary restraint frequently co-exist, we then examined the joint effect of these two factors. The children with the greatest increases in body fat were those whose parents scored high on both factors. In the ®nal analysis, we found that dietary restraint adversely affected the child's body fat only when associated with high parental disinhibition. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that parents who display high levels of disinhibited eating, especially when coupled with high dietary restraint, may foster the development of excess body fat in their children. This association may be mediated by direct parental role modeling of unhealthy eating behaviors, or through other indirect, and probably subconscious, behavioral consequences such as the suppression of the child's innate regulation of dietary intake.

show abstract

“…Physical activity was assessed twice each year, for 3 ± 5 days, by having the child wear a Caltrac accelerometer for the entire day. 25,26 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental eating attitudes and the development of obesity in children. The Framingham Children's Study

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…14,16,20 We chose a similar way to evaluate acceleration in order to reduce the amount of data to analyze. We used the root mean square (RMS), which is defined by the following equation:…”

Section: Calculation Of Average Accelerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new accelerometric method to assess the daily walking practice

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: To describe a method to obtain a profile of the duration and intensity (speed) of walking periods over 24 hours in women under free-living conditions. DESIGN: A new method based on accelerometry was designed for analyzing walking activity. In order to take into account interindividual variability of acceleration, an individual calibration process was used. Different experiments were performed to highlight the variability of acceleration vs walking speed relationship, to analyze the speed prediction accuracy of the method, and to test the assessment of walking distance and duration over 24-h. SUBJECTS: Twenty-eight women were studied (mean AE s.d.) age: 39.3 AE 8.9 y; body mass: 79.7 AE 11.1 kg; body height: 162.9 AE 5.4 cm; and body mass index (BMI) 30.0 AE 3.8 kg=m 2 . RESULTS: Accelerometer output was significantly correlated with speed during treadmill walking (r ¼ 0.95, P < 0.01), and short unconstrained walks (r ¼ 0.86, P < 0.01), although with a large inter-individual variation of the regression parameters. By using individual calibration, it was possible to predict walking speed on a standard urban circuit (predicted vs measured r ¼ 0.93, P < 0.01, s.e.e. ¼ 0.51 km=h). In the free-living experiment, women spent on average 79.9 AE 36.0 (range: 31.7 -168.2) min=day in displacement activities, from which discontinuous short walking activities represented about 2=3 and continuous ones 1=3. Total walking distance averaged 2.1 AE 1.2 (range: 0.4 -4.7) km=day. It was performed at an average speed of 5.0 AE 0.5 (range: 4.1 -6.0) km=h. CONCLUSION: An accelerometer measuring the anteroposterior acceleration of the body can estimate walking speed together with the pattern, intensity and duration of daily walking activity.

show abstract

“…The assumption of a strong association between accelerometer output and energy expenditure during dynamic physical activity [6][7] has been well tested in the general population [4,[8][9], but not in persons with MS. This observation is important considering that the strength and slope of the association might be different in persons with MS than in the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerometer output and its association with energy expenditure in persons with multiple sclerosis

Sandroff

Motl²,

Suh³

2004

JRRD

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Limited data support the strong association between rates of accelerometer activity counts and energy expenditure during dynamic activity in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study examined the association between rates of activity counts and energy expenditure during walking by using two models of accelerometers and generated cut-points representing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in persons with MS. Participants were 43 persons with MS and 43 controls who undertook 5 min of seated rest and up to five 6 min periods of walking at five different speeds on a treadmill. While walking, participants wore two models of accelerometers and a mouthpiece in-line with an open-circuit spirometry system for measuring energy expenditure (rate of oxygen consumption). Strong linear associations were found between accelerometer activity counts and energy expenditure, and the magnitude did not differ between MS and controls for both accelerometer models. The mean slopes of the linear relationships were steeper in persons with MS than controls and resulted in distinct cut-points for MVPA based on accelerometer counts for persons with MS and controls. The strong linear relationship between activity counts and energy expenditure and cut-points for quantifying time spent in MVPA should allow for better understanding of physical activity and examination of its predictors and consequences when using accelerometers in MS.

show abstract

Estimation of energy expenditure by a portable accelerometer

Cited by 273 publications

References 0 publications

Parental eating attitudes and the development of obesity in children. The Framingham Children's Study

Parental eating attitudes and the development of obesity in children. The Framingham Children's Study

A new accelerometric method to assess the daily walking practice

Accelerometer output and its association with energy expenditure in persons with multiple sclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About