Estimation of elastic modulus of reinforcement corrosion products using inverse analysis of digital image correlation measurements for input in corrosion-induced cracking model

Smeared crack modelling approach for corrosion-induced concrete damage

“…Understanding of structural performance as well as material behaviour is, therefore, of great importance and research within these fields has grown during the last decades (Andrade et al 1993;Cabrera 1996;Molina et al 1993;Alonso et al 1998;Noghabai 1999;Solgaard et al 2013;Michel et al 2013). A leading deterioration mechanism, in reinforced concrete structures, is corrosion (Rendell et al 2002), which may cause debonding/delamination in the concrete/reinforcement interface, cracking in cover layer, and decrease in durability due to corrosion of steel. Several studies have focused on modelling corrosion-induced damage leading to a variety of modelling approaches, e.g.…”

An experimental and numerical study of the pattern of cracking of concrete due to steel reinforcement corrosion

“…The expansion factor f} was taken to be 1.0, as found in the literature [1,2,21], although other studies consider a greater expansion of the oxide [22,23]. For the normal stiffness, a wide range of values are found in the literature: in [2], the bulk modulus of the oxide was taken to be of the same order of magnitude as the bulk modulus of water (around 2 GPa); in [23,24] the elastic modulus was estimated from a combination of analytical models and experiments in which the radial displacement in concrete was measured by image correlation techniques; the values obtained in these two studies are, however, very different: an elastic modulus of 0.14 GPa is reported in [23] for an assumed Poisson's ratio of the rust of 0.2, while the values of the elastic modulus reported in [24] range between 2 and 20 GPa, and no reference to Poisson's ratio was made by the authors. In the present paper, a fluid-like behavior is assumed, similar to that proposed by Molina, Alonso and Andrade in [2], with bulk modulus of rust of 2 GPa, and a vanishing small shear modulus; a few calculations were also run with bulk modulus equal to 0.2 GPa, and to 20 GPa, to test the sensitivity of the results to large variations of this parameter (see Section A for the details).…”

Multi-physical and multi-scale deterioration modelling of reinforced concrete: modelling corrosion-induced concrete damage

“…To test the ability of the proposed model to simulate and predict corrosion-induced deformations and crack formation, numerical results are compared to experimental observations presented in [21,23]. In the experiment, a 23×100×100 mm 3 reinforced mortar specimen was subjected to accelerated corrosion by an impressed electrical current of 100 μA/cm 2 .…”

“…Corrosion-induced deformations and crack formation were observed by means of digital image correlation (DIC) and the experiment was stopped once the first macrocrack was observed. For more detailed information about the experimental setup reference is made in [21,23]. The input parameters for the numerical simulation are given in Table 1.…”