Estimation of Ecological and Human Health Risks Posed by Heavy Metals in Street Dust of Madrid City (Spain)

Delgado-Iniesta, María José; Sanleandro, Purificación Marín; Díaz-Pereira, Elvira; Bautista, Francisco; Romero-Muñoz, Miriam; Navarro, Antonio Sánchez

doi:10.3390/ijerph19095263

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…HI is the hazard index used to calculate the non-cancer risks of the metals studied for children and adults. The HI is the sum of the hazard quotients (HQ), which represents the magnitude of harmful impacts of the total exposure pathways (HI=HQing+HQinh+HQder) [17]. HQs for each exposure route were calculated by dividing the mean daily dose from each exposure route (Ding, Dinh, and Dder) by a corresponding reference dose (RfDing, RfDinh, and RfDder).…”

Section: Human Health Index (Hi) and Cancer Risk (Cr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All this does not exempt the need to carry out a chemical analysis where the concentration of each heavy metal is known in order to evaluate the level of contamination of the samples and then apply geoenvironmental indices that allow us to evaluate the level of contamination and health indices [11,12,17], in order to know the risk suffered by the population and to be able to adopt the appropriate measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Pollution Present in School Playgrounds in the City of Murcia (SE Spain)

Delgado Iniesta,

Marín-Sanleandro,

Canca Pedraza

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Urban dust samples were taken from the playgrounds of 27 schools located in the urban area of the city of Murcia (S.E. Spain). Their color and degree of magnetism were determined, as well as their heavy metal content (Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) to evaluate contamination by environmental and health indexes. The highest concentration of contaminants is found in dusts of dark color and medium and high magnetism. The concentrations of heavy metals in the dust were, in this order, Zn (453.74 mg kg-1)> Cu (77.44 mg kg-1)> Cr (67.93 mg kg-1)> Pb (55.72 mg kg-1)> Ni (18.56 mg kg-1)> Cd (0.42 mg kg-1). The analysis of the magnetic and non-magnetic fraction indicates that there is a concentration of all heavy metals in the magnetic fraction. According to the geoenvironmental indices used, the ecological risk presented by school playgrounds is moderate. As for the health indices, ingestion was the main route of exposure and entry of dust particles into the body, being the main health risk for adults and children for all metals. The Hazard Index (HI) values for all elements for both adults and children were less than 1, indicating that there is no risk of developing adverse health effects. As for the Cancer Risk (CR), the values of this index indicate that there is no risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate pollution in the playgrounds of schools in the city of Murcia.

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Section: Human Health Index (Hi) and Cancer Risk (Cr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Pollution Present in School Playgrounds in the City of Murcia (SE Spain)

Delgado Iniesta,

Marín-Sanleandro,

Canca Pedraza

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Many methods have been used to quantify the pollution levels, ecological risks, health risks, and sources of HMs in USD [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The pollution index method is often used to quantitatively analyze the pollution levels of HMs in USD because of its simple calculation and relatively accurate assessment results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Pollution and Risk Assessment of Surface Dust in the Arid NW China

Yang

Eziz

Hayrat

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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High concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) in urban surface dust (USD) can be extremely hazardous to urban ecology and human health. Oasis cities are located at the edge of deserts and are more exposed to salt/sandstorms, and they face a significantly higher accumulation of USD than wet or semi-humid areas. However, systematic studies on the pollution and risk assessment of HMs in USD in oasis cities have rarely been conducted. This study systematically analyzed the enrichment status, spatial distribution, pollution levels, health risks, and sources of HMs in USD in a typical oasis city (Changji city). The results showed that the average concentrations of Pb, Ni, As, Cd, Hg, and Cu in the USD of Changji city were 46.83, 26.35, 9.92, 0.21, 0.047, and 59.33 mg/kg, respectively, and the results of the pollution index evaluation showed moderate Pb, Hg, and Cu pollution, mild Cd pollution, and no Ni or As pollution. The spatial distribution of HM concentrations in the USD was substantially heterogeneous. High values of Pb, Hg, and Cu concentrations were mainly observed in areas with relatively intensive transportation and commercial activities, and high values of Cd and Ni were observed in industrial areas. The health risk assessment showed that HMs do not pose non-carcinogenic risks to humans at their current level, but they pose a carcinogenic risk to children, with As contributing the largest carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. The source identification of HMs showed that the main pollution of HMs were traffic sources for Pb and Cu, industrial sources for Ni and Cd, natural sources for As, and coal-fired sources for Hg. According to the results of the quantitative analysis with the positive matrix factorization, the contribution of pollution sources followed this order: industrial sources (31.08%) > traffic sources (26.80%) > coal-fired sources (23.31%) > natural sources (18.81%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main technogenic burden on the environ ment is the different pollutants circulating at all ecosystem levels (solid, liquid, and gaseous states) caused by the emissions from technological processes [1]. Heavy metals (HMs) are distinguishable among various exogenous elements with a comprehensive impact and high adverse environmental risk [1][2][3][4]. In principle, the danger of their spread is accompanied by risks of entry into living organisms, leading to organ accumulation, homeostasis disruption, and development of various inflammatory and oncological clinical manifestations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microelement imbalance in the rat uterus after short-term heavy metals exposure

Sikora¹,

Lyndina²,

Awuah³

et al. 2022

Fiziol Zh

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Heavy metals (HMs) are distinguishable among various exogenous elements with a comprehensive impact and high adverse environmental consequences. The danger of their spread is accompanied by risks of entry into living organisms, leading to organ accumulation, homeostasis disruption, and the development of various inflammatory and oncological clinical manifestations. Interestingly, the uterus shows an unpredictable reaction to the influence of these chemical elements, with almost all previous studies providing differing results. Therefore, this study investigated the features of chemical element content in the rat uterus after 30 days of HMs exposure and assessed the benefits of vitamin E against HMs impacts. Spectral analysis of uterine tissue of rats (daily HMs exposure) and animals (HMs exposure with vitamin E treatment) showed a significantly higher accumulation of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Cr after 30 days of the experiment. Although the uterus samples of rats treated with vitamin E showed a significant accumulation of HMs, it should be noted, that the tendency for their accumulation was less pronounced than in untreated rats. This study showed the accumulation features of some chemical elements in the rat uterus after 30 days of HMs exposure. Therefore, widespread environmental HMs exposure can leads to high absorption levels in uterine tissues. However, increases in HMs levels were significantly attenuated by vitamin E supplementation. Unfortunately, while a positive trend was found for each chemical element, the complete protection and purification effect of vitamin E use against HMs exposure was not observed.

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Estimation of Ecological and Human Health Risks Posed by Heavy Metals in Street Dust of Madrid City (Spain)

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Assessment of the Pollution Present in School Playgrounds in the City of Murcia (SE Spain)

Assessment of the Pollution Present in School Playgrounds in the City of Murcia (SE Spain)

Heavy Metal Pollution and Risk Assessment of Surface Dust in the Arid NW China

Microelement imbalance in the rat uterus after short-term heavy metals exposure

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