Estimation of body fat from anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in Native American children

Lohman, Timothy G.; Caballero, Benjamı́n; Himes, John H.; Davis, C. E.; Stewart, Dawn; Houtkooper, Linda; Going, Scott B.; Hunsberger, Sally; Weber, Judy; Reid, Raymond; Stephenson, Larry

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801318

Cited by 65 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The Cree children of this study had similar triceps and biceps skinfold thicknesses as the Native American children, but truncal skinfold thicknesses at the subscapular and suprailiac sites averaged approximately 10 mm higher. In addition, all skinfold and waist measures in Cree children were higher when compared with a sample of 7-to 11-year-old Native American children from Arizona (24). Central fat patterning, assessed by skinfold thickness or waist circumference measures, has been observed as a correlate of various disease risk factors, including elevated serum indicators of diabetes risk (25)(26)(27), blood pressure (23) and lipid levels (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, adiposity, physical fitness and activity levels in cree children

Marshall

Willows

2006

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Objectives. To describe the levels of obesity, adiposity measures, physical activity and fitness in Cree children aged 9-12 years. Study Design. Cross-sectional survey. Methods. The study took place in northern Quebec, Canada. Height, body mass, waist circumference and five skinfold thicknesses were measured. Physical activity was assessed by having children wear a pedometer for two days. Children performed the 20-metre shuttle run test (SRT) to determine their physical fitness level. Results. Of 82 participating children, 33% were overweight (but not obese) and 38% were obese according to an international reference. The mean sum of five skinfold measures exceeded the 95th percentile of Canadian children. Compared with the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the majority of children exceeded the 85th percentile for waist circumference (62%) and at the suprailiac (80%), subscapular (72%), and triceps (54%) skinfold sites. 90% of children scored below the 20th percentile in the SRT compared with normative data from Quebec children. Based on pedometer scores, only 49% of children were sufficiently active. Conclusions. There is a high prevalence of overweight and central adiposity in this population, with low physical activity and fitness levels. This profile may result in adverse health outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, adiposity, physical fitness and activity levels in cree children

Marshall

Willows

2006

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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“…25 However, the new equation resulted in a better SRMSE than other reported anthropometric equations based on isotope dilution and DXA in non-Caucasian children, where body weight, Tricp-SKF and age were the main predictor variables. [26][27][28] The practical measurements of Tricp-SKF and weight could have advantages in indigenous communities, when cultural barriers restrict access to other skinfolds in the body, or in studies where BIA measurements are not feasible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition prediction equations based on deuterium oxide dilution method in Mexican children: a national study

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity and undernutrition co-exist in many regions of Mexico. However, accurate assessments are difficult because epidemiological data on body composition are not available. The aim of this study was to facilitate assessments of body composition in Mexican school children of different geographical regions and ethnicity by developing equations for bioelectrical impedance and anthropometry based on deuterium oxide dilution. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We evaluated 336 subjects (143 belonged to six major indigenous groups) from Northern, Central and Southern Mexico. We measured height (Ht), weight (Wt), tricipital skinfold (Tricp-SKF) and resistance (R) based on a bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were estimated from measurements of total body water with the deuterium dilution technique. CONCLUSIONS:We validated two equations for evaluating body composition in Mexican indigenous and non-indigenous children and youth from three main regions of the country. These equations provided reliable estimates and will promote a better understanding of both obesity and undernutrition.

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“…Such a technique that may be applicable in large surveys is BIA. BIA measurements were carried out in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) 1988-94 of more than 16 000 civilians in the United States and in the Pathways study, a multi-site study of primary prevention of obesity in Native American children (Lohman et al, 2000). We have developed in the present study an equation relating FFM (from which %BF can be derived), obtained from deuterium dilution measurements of total body water, to weight, height and BIA resistance that is applicable to New Zealand European, Maori and Pacific Island children in the 5-14 y age range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of body fatness from body mass index and bioelectrical impedance: comparison of New Zealand European, Maori and Pacific Island children

et al. 2003

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Objective: To compare percentage body fat (%BF) for a given body mass index (BMI) among New Zealand European, Maori and Pacific Island children. To develop prediction equations based on bioimpedance measurements for the estimation of fat-free mass (FFM) appropriate to children in these three ethnic groups. Design: Cross-sectional study. Purposive sampling of schoolchildren aimed at recruiting three children of each sex and ethnicity for each year of age. Double cross-validation of FFM prediction equations developed by multiple regression. Setting: Local schools in Auckland. Subjects: Healthy European, Maori and Pacific Island children (n ¼ 172, 83 M, 89 F, mean age 9.472.8(s.d.), range 5-14 y). Measurements: Height, weight, age, sex and ethnicity were recorded. FFM was derived from measurements of total body water by deuterium dilution and resistance and reactance were measured by bioimpedance analysis. Results: For fixed BMI, the Maori and Pacific Island girls averaged 3.7% lower %BF than European girls. For boys a similar relation was not found since BMI did not significantly influence %BF of European boys (P ¼ 0.18). Based on bioimpedance measurements a single prediction equation was developed for all children: FFM (kg) ¼ 0.622 height (cm) 2 /resistance þ 0.234 weight (kg) þ 1.166, R 2 ¼ 0.96, s.e.e. ¼ 2.44 kg. Ethnicity, age and sex were not significant predictors. Conclusions: A robust equation for estimation of FFM in New Zealand European, Maori and Pacific Island children in the 5-14 y age range that is more suitable than BMI for the determination of body fatness in field studies has been developed.

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Estimation of body fat from anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in Native American children

Cited by 65 publications

References 26 publications

Obesity, adiposity, physical fitness and activity levels in cree children

Obesity, adiposity, physical fitness and activity levels in cree children

Body composition prediction equations based on deuterium oxide dilution method in Mexican children: a national study

Estimation of body fatness from body mass index and bioelectrical impedance: comparison of New Zealand European, Maori and Pacific Island children

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