Estimation des rendements et de la rentabilité économique de production de trois cultures : le sorgho, le niébé et la dolique à Djirataoua (Maradi – République du Niger)

Abstract

11643Estimated yields and economic profitability for the production of three crops : sorghum, cowpea and dolic to Djirataoua (Maradi, Niger Republic)ABSTRACT Objectives : Production test on sorghum, cowpeas and dolic peas was conducted in 2014 on an irrigated perimeter of Djirataoua. It aimed to estimate forage and grain yields, chemical analysis of forage and evaluate the economic profitability of the three crops.Methodology and results : The test was set in a randomized complete block design with three plots in four replicates. The basic plot had a size of 5m x 100m. The agronomic data was collected on the growth cycle of crops, while economic data covered the cost of inputs, labor costs for the work and prices of various products and by-products obtained at harvest. Fodder and grain yields were evaluated. For fodder, the results obtained were 8.6 ± 0.7 tons ha-1 DM, 5.6 ± 0.74 tons ha-1 DM and 4 ± 0.74 tons ha-1 DM respectively for Sorghum, cowpea and dolic peas. Grain yields were 3.4 ± 0.65 tons ha-1 for sorghum, 1.2 ± 0.65 tons ha-1 for cowpea, and dolic peas yield is zero because it is a photosensitive plant. Chemical analysis of the biomass showed that the three crops had a comparable DM content, whereas cowpeas and dolic peas were richer in total nitrogenous matter (TNM) than sorghum. The content of TNM is 8% for sorghum; it is double in cowpea and triple in dolic peas. Conclusion and applications of results:This study shows that the dual-purpose crops, sorghum and cowpea provide an important forage yield meaning a high density and good soil fertility and good crop maintenance. This can be a cure for the chronic fodder deficit in Niger and will increase livestock productivity and farmers' income.

Rentabilité économique de différentes longueurs de poquets de <i>zaï</i> rectangulaire sous culture de <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench dans les zones sahélienne et soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso

“…Les coûts des intrants peuvent varier en fonction de la nature de l'intrant et de la localité. Des études ultérieures ont indiqué que le prix de l'engrais était de 270 F.CFA.kg -1 pour l'urée, 280 F.CFA.kg -1 pour le NPK, 40 F.CFA.kg -1 pour le fumier (Abdou et al, 2017). Pour réduire les coûts de production, il serait conseillé aux agriculteurs d'adopter le zaï rectangulaire de poquets longs d'au moins 40 cm tout en rationalisant la quantité de compost à apporter.…”