Estimation and exposure concentration of trihalomethanes (THMs) and its human carcinogenic risk in supplied pipeline water of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Ahmed, Fahad; Khan, Tanzir Ahmed; Fakhruddin, A. N. M.; Rahman, Mohammad Mahfuzur; Mazumdar, Reaz Mohammad; Ahmed, Shamim; Imam, Mohammad Toufick; Kabir, M. Alamgir; Abdullah, Abu Tareq Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05049-6

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Concentrations of other DBP classes were very low (<1 μg/L) or not detected in most of the SDS-chlorinated piped groundwater samples. While THM concentrations in South Asian drinking waters have been reported previously, − our results provide the first measurements of HANs, HALs, haloketones, haloacetamides, and trichloronitromethane in Bangladeshi drinking waters, of which we are aware, and the second measurements in South Asia following our recent work on DBPs in western India …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Effects of Intrusion on Disinfection Byproduct Formation in Intermittent Distribution Systems

et al. 2022

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Intermittently operated distribution systems serve over one billion people and may be impacted by the intrusion of contaminated waters carrying disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors. The impact of intrusion on the formation of 19 DBPs was evaluated in an intermittent water system supplied by deep aquifers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Untreated piped water samples were collected from residential taps and chlorinated under controlled conditions. Chloride, dissolved organic carbon, and the artificial sweetener sucralose were measured as indicators of intrusion. Most piped water samples had low concentrations of DBPs and indicators; however, a subset had higher levels of DBPs and indicators, suggesting the intrusion of contaminated water into the distribution system, particularly during the rainy season. Piped water samples with evidence of intrusion typically formed higher concentrations of haloacetaldehydes and haloacetonitriles when chlorinated, which greatly increased the calculated cytotoxicity. DBP formation and calculated cytotoxicity in piped water samples impacted by intrusion were comparable to those in piped water samples supplied by horizontal and vertical recharge-impacted groundwaters, yet lower than piped surface waters from other regions of Dhaka. The results demonstrated that intrusion can increase DBP formation in an unpredictable fashion, highlighting the need to sample from many locations in intermittent water systems to accurately evaluate DBP exposure risk.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Effects of Intrusion on Disinfection Byproduct Formation in Intermittent Distribution Systems

et al. 2022

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“…The pH values for all water samples was in the normal range. TOC concentrations were also very low compared to data reported in other studies (Ahmed et al 2019;Hassani et al 2010;Zimoch and Stolarczyk 2010), with the average concentrations of 1.3 and 0.82 mg/L before water treatment by RO and ion exchange, respectively, and 0.142 and 0.108 mg/L after treatment by RO and ion exchange, indicating that RO was more efficient for removing TOC (89%). Free chlorine residual concentrations were 0.3 and 0.76 mg/L before treatment by RO and ion exchange, respectively, that was in the normal range for microbial inactivation.…”

Section: Effect Of Water Quality Parameters On Thms Formationmentioning

confidence: 49%

Multi-route human health risk assessment from trihalomethanes in drinking and non-drinking water in Abadan, Iran

Kujlu¹,

Mahdavianpour²,

Ghanbari³

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Natural organic matter reacted with chlorine used for disinfection, and finally, trihalomethanes (THMs) are formatted. The main purpose of this study was to determine four THM concentrations and human health cancer risk and non-cancer risk assessment from exposure through oral ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation for males and females in Abadan. Two sampling sites were selected, and five samples before and after treatment by two different water treatment systems (RO and ion exchange) were collected every week. Results showed that total THM concentrations before and after treatment by RO were 98.1 and 8.88 μg/L, and ion exchange ranged between 101.9 and 14.96 μg/L, respectively, that before treatment was upper than the maximum of 80 mg/L recommended by USEPA. Inhalation was the primary route of exposure by around 80–90% of cancer risk. Total cancer risk was higher than the USEPA acceptable limit of 10−6 via three exposure routes. Oral route has the higher hazard index values than dermal ways.

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“…Amjad et al (2013) in Pakistan also found that >85% of THMs were CF. O'Driscoll et al (2018) in Ireland, Chang et al (2010) in Taiwan, and Ahmed et al (2019) in Bangladesh also found that the majority of THMs in drinking water were CF.…”

Section: Discussion Of Correlations Between Individual Results Parametersmentioning

confidence: 92%

Temporospatial variation and health risk assessment of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water (northwest Iran)

Mosaferi

Asadi

Aslani

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Trihalomethanes (THMs) are one of the most common classes of disinfection by-products. In this study. the temporo-spatial trends and health risks due to exposure to THMs in the Tabriz water distribution network were investigated. THMs series were analysed using gas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks due to exposure to THMs were calculated using Monte Carlo simulations.Mean concentrations of THMs in January (winter) and June (summer) were 10.2 ± 9.3 µg/l and 252 ± 185.9 µg/l, respectively. More than 80% of THMs identified were bromodichloromethan.The mean values of lifetime cancer risks (LTCR) from THMs were calculated as 4.23E-06 and 2.38E-04 for winter and summer, respectively. This study showed that there were noticeable levels of THMs in Tabriz's distribution network water, especially in the centre of the city. Although non-carcinogenic risks from THMs were below permissible recommended levels, carcinogenic risks likely remain due to high levels of THMs in some locations.

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Estimation and exposure concentration of trihalomethanes (THMs) and its human carcinogenic risk in supplied pipeline water of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of Intrusion on Disinfection Byproduct Formation in Intermittent Distribution Systems

Effects of Intrusion on Disinfection Byproduct Formation in Intermittent Distribution Systems

Multi-route human health risk assessment from trihalomethanes in drinking and non-drinking water in Abadan, Iran

Temporospatial variation and health risk assessment of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water (northwest Iran)

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